Page:Hand-book of Volapük (Sprauge, 1888).djvu/41

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An equivalent expression, sometimes used, is Vatükob obi.

Vatükol, you wash, Vatükolok,
or, Vatükol oli, you wash yourself.

Vatükomok or vatükom oki, he washes himself. (Vatükom omi would mean he washes him, two different persons.)

In the plural the s usually follows the ok, but may be made to precede it, if that form is thought more euphonious. Vatükoboks, or vatükobsok, we wash ourselvs. Vatükomoks, they wash themselvs. If the object is exprest by a separate pronoun in the plural it is translated "each other." Löfomoks, they love themselvs; Löfoms okis, they love each other. Löfobsok, we love ourselvs; Löfobs obis, we love each other.

EXERCISE 25

Dälön, to permit. Mutön, must. 
Dalön, to have permission (may).  Mütön, compel. 

Logobok in lok at. Pladolokös in stul et. Aikel löfomok gudikumo ka nileli okik, no binom krit velatik; ab krits velatik löfoms okis. Aivatükobok vämödelo.

I have struck myself with this walking stick. I permit myself to address this letter to you. You will kill yourself. Please seat yourself and make yourself contented.

(Formerly dalön -dälön, mutön -mütön, had converse meanings.)

PREPOSITIONS AND THE KIMIFAL

In English we make a distinction between in and into.

Into expresses motion from the outside to the interior, while in relates wholly to the interior.

This distinction is exprest in Volapük either by putting the noun into the kimifal or by adding -i to the preposition.

Binob in gad, I am in the garden.
Golob in gadi, or
golob ini gad, I am going into the garden.