The fort is evidently reserved for a manor-seat, de-
spite its bustle; for early in 1846 Sutter had laid
out the town of Sutterville, three miles below on the
Sacramento. This has now several houses,^* having
received a great impulse from the location there, in
1847, of two companies of troops under Major Kings-
bury. It shares in the traffic regularly maintained
with San Francisco by means of a twenty-ton sloop,
the Amelia f belonging to Sutter and manned by half
a dozen savages. It is supported during the busy
season by two other vessels, which make trips far up
the Sacramento and San Joaquin. The ferry at the
fort landing is merely a canoe handled by an Indian,
but a large boat is a-building.^*^
Six miles up the American River, so called by Sut- ter as the pathway for American immigration, the Mormons are constructing a flour-mill for him,^ and another party are in like manner engaged on a saw- mill building and race at Coloma Valley, forty miles above, on the south fork. Opposite Sutter's Fort, on the north bank of the American, John Sinclair, the alcalde, holds the large El Paso rancho,^ and above him stretches the San Juan rancho of Joel P. Ded- mond, facing the Leidesdorff grant on the southern bank.^ There is more land than men; instead of 100 acres, the neighbors do not regard 100,000 acres as out of the way. Sutter's confirmed grant of eleven leases in due Irime is scattered in different direc- tions, owing to documentary and other irregularities. A portion is made to cover Hock Farm on Feather
- Sntter built the first honse, Hadel and Zins followed the example, Zins'
being the first real brick building erected in the country. Morse, Ilist. Scu:., places the founding in 1S44.
- As well as one for Montezuma. Cal. Star, Oct. 23, 1847; Oregson'a StcU,,
MS., 7«
- With four pairs of stones, which was fast approaching completion. A
dam had b^n constructed, with a four-mile race. Description and progress in Id,; Bigler'a Diary, MS., 5C-7; Sutter's Pers. Rem., MS., 159. Brighton has now risen on the site.
"Of some 44,000 acres, chiefly for his Hawaiian patron, E. Grimes.
" Of 35,500 acre' ; Ji<Hl'noii(l's» was 20,000. Leidesdorff had erected a house In 1846, at the prescui liuuUcr'y.
