240 NXTJUK. decreased numbers found abundance of sustenance on the game- crowded mountains, long neglected for the richer prey of Chinese plains and cities ; and fear of attack compelled them to live in tents, which could be moved at a moment's warning, when flight was a much more secure defence than the best walla And the former nomadic state, with its loss of literature, became a speedy consequence. This formless, incohesive condition, continued undisturbed till a largely increased population again necessitated the cultivation of the soil ; when houses^ hamlets, cities, magis- tracies, and literature, again sprang up. Shiloo, the fifth chief of Wanyen, established fixed laws and ordained customs to instruct the peopla Henceforth his possessions became consolidated, and assumed the appearance of a united kingdom. Because he was affectionate in dealing with his people, the Liao bestowed upon him the title of Jiedooshuu* It was reconferred on his son Wooyoonai, and on Holibo his son. The last was succeeded by a brother ; and Wooyasoo, the eldest son of Holibo, was the ninth chief,-^uring whose reign the fishing episode, above narrated, occurred In 1113, Wooyasoo, who had received the title of Jiedooshi from Liao, died, and Agooda became chief, assuming the title of Doobojiliaf The Liao sent Asibao as messenger to enquire why Agooda had not given notice of the death of his predecessor. Agooda replied, Mourning we have; is it a crime to lack condolence ? " — ^intimating his independence of the Liao. He began his aggressive movements the very next year, and took the city of Nungjiang chow. The Liao king no sooner heard of this outrage, than he sent Soosisien with a powerful army to crush the young upstart He camped at Choodien hc^ Agooda, at the head of aU his men, hastening to meet him,
- lieut. GreneraL It was the change then mtrodnoed which ai^>eai«d so extremely
great to a Corean meBsenger, who, on his first visit, found the NUjun a formless rabble ; and on his second visit, a perfectly regulated and formidable kingdom whose good friendship was to be secured by Corea at any price. t*'Chief of chiefs." 1 Near the modem Petona.
