342 COREAN SOCIAL CUSTOMS. spirit vessel to the serviDg man, who goes and places it in its place before the Lingdso. The Shangjoo again kneels, and again slowly rises. He steps back a few paces, again kneels, and all kneel together. The chanter takes the chant board, and goes with it to the right hand of the Shangjoo, facing west, kneels and recites his chant When finished he rises, and the Shangjoo and all under him weep and wail ; after which they slowly rise, bow twice, and return to their former position. Second Spirits Offering (Yahien). Either the Shangjoo or any of his brothers may be the oflerer. The oflferer goes before the incense table and kneels. The serving man goes before the Lingdso, takes the spirit vessel, and pours the spirits into another vessel Then putting fresh spirits into the first vessel, he goes as before, kneels, presents the spirit vessel, with the fresh spirits, to the oflferer, who pours a little on the Tnao and sand, and then slowly rises as in the first oflfering; the serving man taking the spirit vessel back to its own position. The oflferer then twice bows, and returns to his former post. Third Spirit Offering may be by a son or a younger brother. The oflferer goes before the incense table as before, receives fresh spirits, and performs exactly the same ceremonies as mentioned for the first oflfering. Food Offering. The serving man takes some spirits, with which he goes before the Lingdso, and pours the spirits into the vessel ; he also puts a spoon into the food dish, the handle of the spoon pointing westwards. The Kwaidsu or chopsticks are placed quite straight beside the spoon. The Shangjoo and all the others go outside, and the door is closed by the Oao or chanter. If there is no door before the Lingdso, a screen is drawn down. The Shangjoo stands east of the door, looking west ; the yoimger and inferior standing
