j^ HISTORY OF GKLKCE. gus, Hyperides, and others ; as well as by active military men like Charidemus and Ephialtes,^ who probably spoke out more boldly when Alexander was absent on the Danube. In other cities, the same sentiment doubtless found advocates, though less distinguished ; but at Thebes, where it could not be openly pro- claimed, it prevailed with the greatest force.^ The Thebans suffered an oppression from which most of the other cities were free — the presence of a Macedonian garrison in their citadel; just as they had endured, fifty years before, the curb of a Spar- tan garrison after the fraud of Phoebidas and Leontiades. In thif case, as in the former, the effect was to arm the macedoniz- ing leaders with absolute power over their fellow-citizens, and to inflict upon the latter not merely the public mischief of extin- guishing all free speech, but also multiplied individual insults and injuries, prompted by the lust and rapacity of rulers, foreign as well as domestic* A number of Theban citizens, among them the freest and boldest spirits, were in exile at Athens, receiving from the public indeed nothing beyond a safe home, but secretly encouraged to hope for better things by Demosthenes and the other anti-Macedonian leaders.* In hke manner, fifty years before, it was at Athens, and from private Athenian citi- zens, that the Thebans Pelopidas and Mellon had found that sympathy which enabled them to organize their daring conspi- racy for rescuing Thebes from the Spartans. That enterprise, ' ^lian, V. H. xii. 57. ' Demades, ^Trfp r^f dudeKaETiac, s. 14. QiijSaloi iVs fiiyiarov d^ov dea libv rf/v T^v M.aKE66vuv (ppovpuv, r^' ?/{• ov /uovov tu( x^pac ovvedi'&rjaav, >)a2.u Kal TT/v irap^jjaiav u(pijp7jVT0 •* The Thebans, in setting forth their complaints to tiie Arcadians, stat- ed — oTi ov ~},v TTpuc Toi'C E.'A?.j}vac i^i'kiav Qj],8aloi 6La7d<aai fSovAOfievoi, TOif npayfiaaLv inaviarijaav, ovd' Ivuvrtov tCiv 'E,X?.^vuv ovdev irpu^ovreg, aX/1u T a Tt a p' avTolc i) tt b twv MaKedovuv sv ry TroAft y IV 6 fi EV a o ip e t v ov k ir i 6vvu/xevoi, o v 6 e t j/ v 6ov?^ e i av vnofiEVEiv, ov 6 £ T uc i) (3 p e i c u p a v t u c i i C ■!"« 17'. EvOepa a iJ fia T a yivofiEvar. See Demades nepl tt}^ dudeiiaETiag, s. 13, the speech of Cicadas. Justin, xi. 4 ; and (Dcinarchus cont. Demosth. s. 20) compare Livy, xxxix. 27 — about the working of the Macedonian garrison at Maroncia, in the tire i of Philip son of Demetrius,
- Demades nEpl rr/c dudeKasTiac, Fragm. ad fin.
