CHBONOLOGICAL APPENDIXES 407 DATE. A. I). 98 99 105 116 117 123-6 c. 123 c. 125-30 131-6 c. 135 138 c. 140 150 c. 153 161 162-5 175 180 c. 185 192, 193 193 c. 200 211 216 217 218 222 226 260 273 360 Trajan, Roman Emperor, ace. Arrival of Trajan in Rome. Overthrow by the Romans of the Nabataean kingdom of Petra in Arabia ; rise of Palmyra ; Indian embassy to Trajan about this time. Conquest of Mesopotamia by Trajan. Hadrian, Roman Emperor, ace. ; retrocession of Mesopotamia. Residence of Hadrian at Athens. Kanishka Kushan ace. Conquest by Kanishka of Kashgar, Yarkand, and Khotan ; war with King of Pataliputra. War of Hadrian with the Jews. Conversion of Kanishka to Buddhism. Antoninus Pius, Roman Emperor, ace. Buddhist Council in (?) Kashmir. Junagarh inscription of Rudradaman, Western satrap. Huvishka (Hushka) Kushan ace. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, Roman Emperor, ace. Defeat of Parthian King, Vologeses III, by the Romans. Eastern campaign of Marcus Aurelius. Commodus, Roman Emperor, ace. Vasudeva Kushan ace. Pertinax and Julianas, Roman Emperors. Septimius Severus, Roman Emperor, ace. Palmyra created a Roman colony. Caracalla, Roman Emperor, ace. Parthian expedition of Caracalla. Macrinus, Roman Emperor, ace. Elagabalus, Roman Emperor, ace. Alexander Severus, Roman Emperor, ace. Foundation of Sasanian empire of Persia by Ardashir ; the death of Vasudeva, the collapse of the Kushan power in India ; and the ter- mination of the Andhra dynasty occurred at nearly the same time. Defeat of Valerian, Roman Emperor, by Sapor I. Capture of Palmyra by Aurelian. Successful siege of Amida by Sapor II, with Kushan help.
