THE EISE OF MAHMUD OF GHAZNI 41 and open before Amir Sabuktagin, and lie seized all the wealth which was found in it. He levied tribute and obtained immense booty, besides two hundred elephants of war. He increased his army, and since the Afghans and Khaljis had submitted to him, he admitted thou- sands of them into the ranks of his army whenever he wished, and thereafter expended their lives in his service.' Having given this account of Sabuktagin 's invasion AFGHAN TYPES. (Copyright by Underwood & Underwood, N. T.) of Hindustan, the Arab chronicle proceeds to describe the continuation of the holy wars against the idol- worshipping Hindus carried on by Sabuktagin 's famous son, Mahmud of Ghazni, under the sanction of the Caliph of Baghdad. 1 Kadir bi- Allah, the Caliph of Baghdad, sent a robe of honour, such as had never before been heard of, for the use of Sultan Saif-ad-daulah, and he addressed Mahmud in his imperial rescript as " Yamin-ad-daulah, Commander of the Faith, and friend of the Commander
