300 APPENDIX on his way. He took his vessel out to sea and pro- ceeded toward the Deccan. In those days the Emperor Aurangzib was in that part of the kingdom, straitened by his enemy for pro- visions, and his camp was reduced to starvation. There- upon the chief of the factory in the Carnatic sent vessels laden with grain, showing great consideration for the throne, and proved of great service. The Emperor was much pleased with the English people and desired to know the Honourable Company's wishes. The English chief requested him to grant a sanad (warrant) and farmdn (order), giving permission to establish factories in all parts of the kingdom, and particularly in Bengal. The request was granted, and the royal orders exempt- ing the Honourable Company's ships from custom duties, fixing a sum of three thousand rupees as a pres- ent to be given to the ~baklislii of the port, and giving permission for the establishment of factories, were issued. Mr. Chanak returned with the royal farmdns from the Deccan to Bengal, and sent his agents with the gift and some presents to Ja'far Khan, and obtained per- mission to erect a factory in Calcutta. Mr. Chanak accordingly erected a new factory at the place where he anchored after returning from the Deccan, which is known by the name of Chanak. He founded the city and populated it, and gave a stimulus to the trade of Bengal. That factory is well known to this day by the name of the Old Fort. Calcutta is a large city, situated on the banks of
