dependence has this affair on the humours and education of particular men, that one part of the same republic may be wisely conducted, and another weakly, by the very same men, merely on account of the difference of the forms and institutions by which these parts are regulated. Historians inform us that this was actually the case with Genoa. For while the state was always full of sedition, and tumult, and disorder, the bank of St George, which had become a considerable part of the people, was conducted, for several ages, with the utmost integrity and wisdom[1].
The ages of greatest public spirit are not always most eminent for private virtue. Good laws may beget order and moderation in the government, where the manners and customs have instilled little humanity or justice into the tempers of men. The most illustrious period of the Roman history, considered in a political view, is that between the beginning of the first and end of the last Punic war, the due balance between the nobility and people being then fixed by the contests of the tribunes, and not being yet lost by the extent of conquests. Yet at this very time, the horrid practice of poisoning was so common, that, during part of the season, a Prætor punished capitally for this crime above three thousand[2] persons in a part of Italy; and found informations of this nature still multiplying upon him. There is a similar, or ra-
- ↑ Essempio veramente raro, et da Filosofi intante loro imaginate et vedute Republiche mai non trovato, vedere dentro ad un medesimo cerchio, fra medesimi cittadini, la liberta, et la tirannide, la vita civile et la corotta, la giustitia et la licenza; perche quello ordine solo mantiere quella citta piena di costumi antichi et venerabili. E s'egli auvenisse (che col tempo in ogni modo auverrà) que San Giorgio tuttà quel la città occupasse, sarrebbe quella una Republica piu dalla Venetiana memorabile.—Della Hist. Florentine, lib. viii.
- ↑ T. Livii, lib. xl. cap. 43.
