formerly acted as domestic tutor. In order to search the principal libraries for manuscripts relating to the Bohemian language and literature, he undertook travels through Sweden, Russia, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland, and came home with ample materials, when, unfortunately, he became mentally afflicted, and had to be taken to a lunatic asylum. He was restored to sanity in 1803, and continued his literary labours till his death, January 6, 1829. He has published a large number of deeply learned works on the Bohemian language and literature. We quote—"Scriptores Rerum Bohemicarum;" "Geschichte der böhmischen Sprache und ältern Literatur;" "Deutsch-böhmisches Wörterbuch;" "Glagolitica;" "Lehrgebäude der böhmischen Sprache;" "Entwurf zu einem allgemeinen Etymologicon der Slavischen Sprachen;" "Institutiones linguæ Slavonicæ," &c. It is a curious fact, that all these works in honour of the Bohemian language were written either in the German or the Latin language, and that several of them had to be translated into Bohemian. Dobrowsky even thought it preposterous to write in Bohemian.—K. E.
DOBSON, Mrs. Susannah, was the wife of Matthew Dobson, a physician and natural philosopher of the last century. Devoted to the pursuit of literature, Mrs. Dobson was once an authoress of considerable popularity. Her works are chiefly translations from the French. That by which she is best known is "The Life of Petrarch," an interesting, but somewhat sentimental compilation from the voluminous book of the abbé de Sade. We have also from her pen Accounts of the Troubadours and of Ancient Chivalry, translated from the writings of St. Palaye. A translation of Petrarch's View of Human Life appeared in 1791.—R. M., A.
DOBSON, William, an English portrait painter, born in 1610; died in 1647, or, as others say, in 1646. He was apprenticed when young to a picture dealer, in whose employment he had opportunities of studying the works of great masters, and, amongst others, of Vandyck. This great painter having seen some of Dobson's performances, recommended him to the patronage of Charles I., who, at the death of the Flemish artist, named the young man his court painter. In this quality Dobson painted the ill-fated monarch, his family, and many of the first personages of the day. The reverses of Charles I. having left him unprovided for, the sudden change from luxury and extravagance to destitution and want, hastened the decline of a constitution already sapped by consumption. Dobson was an artist of high talents, but for want of better culture than fell to his lot, the utmost he could achieve was a good imitation of Vandyck.—R. M.
DOCAMPO, Florian, born at Zamorain in 1513; died in 1590. He was historiographer to Charles V., and author of the first five books of the Cronica General de España.—F. M. W.
DOD, Charles Roger, journalist and compiler, was born on the 8th of May, 1793, the only son of the Rev. Roger Dod, vicar of Drumlease, county Leitrim. He was educated for the Irish bar, but diverged from law into journalism, and settled eventually in London. Of the thirty-seven years which he spent in London, twenty-three were passed in connection with the Times, in which he filled for a long period the responsible and important post of manager of its parliamentary corps. For many years Mr. Dod contributed to the leading journal its necrological articles, often written within three hours of their appearance in type. Telegraphed for to London on the news being received of Lord George Bentinck's death, Mr. Dod is said to have written his elaborate memoir of the conservative statesman in the railway-carriage which brought him from Ramsgate; and, with the mere addition of a few dates, it was printed, the same evening, as received from him. Mr. Dod founded those two most useful and accurate periodical compilations, the "Parliamentary Companion," and the "Peerage, Baronetage, and Knightage of Great Britain and Ireland"—works in which he latterly received the co-operation of their present editor, his son, Captain Robert P. Dod. Among Mr. Dod's other publications, the very curious and instructive "Electoral Facts" deserves mention for its genuine importance as a contribution to the political history of England. He died in 1855.—F. E.
DOD, John, commonly called the Decalogist from his commentary on the commandments, was born at Shotledge in Cheshire in 1547. He was the youngest of seventeen children, and was sent to school at West Chester, whence he removed to Jesus college, Cambridge, in 1561. It is uncertain in what year he took his master's degree; but being appointed to oppose in the philosophy act at the commencement, he exhibited such admirable abilities that he had liberal offers to remove to Oxford. These he declined, but was incorporated M.A. in that university in 1585. Allied in a strict friendship with Drs. Fulke, Chaderton, and Whitaker, he imbibed much of their dislike to many parts of the discipline and ceremonies of the church of England. This did not, however, prevent him from taking orders. He preached a weekly lecture at Ely, until invited by Sir Anthony Cope to be minister of Hanwell in Oxfordshire in 1577. There he remained twenty years, highly popular as a preacher, and distinguished for his generous hospitality. At the end of that period he was suspended by Dr. Bridges, bishop of Oxford, on account of his partial nonconformity. He preached for some time after this at Fenny-Compton in Warwickshire, whence he was called to Cannons-Ashby in the county of Northampton. Here he enjoyed the patronage of Sir Erasmus Dryden, but was again silenced, in consequence of a complaint made by Bishop Neale to the king. He employed the leisure which this second suspension forced upon him in writing a commentary on the Decalogue and on part of the book of Proverbs. These works appeared in 1606; the first entitled "A Plain and Familiar Exposition of the Ten Commandments;" and the second, "A Plain and Familiar Exposition of certain chapters of the Book of Proverbs." The prefaces are signed by Dod and Cleaver, the latter probably another silenced puritan of whom, however, we find no account. By the interest of the family of Knightley in Northamptonshire, Dod was at length in 1624, the king being now dead, presented to the living of Fawesley. He soon became again popular as a preacher, and won the love of the people as before by his charity and hospitality. He went much amongst his parishioners, and a great many of his sayings became almost proverbial. It is said they remained so for above a century, and being frequently printed in a small tract, or on a broad sheet, were to be met with in every cottage of the district in which he laboured. Dod suffered considerably on the commencement of the rebellion. His house was plundered, as the house of a puritan, although he disapproved of the proceedings of the republicans. When the order of bishops was about to be abolished. Dr. Browning sent to him for his opinion. He answered that "he had been scandalized with the proud and tyrannical practices of the Marian bishops; but now after more than sixty years' experience of many protestant bishops that had been worthy preachers, learned and orthodox writers, great champions for the protestant cause, he wished all his friends not to be any impediment to them, and exhorted all men not to take up arms against the king; which was his doctrine, he said, upon the fifth commandment, and he would never depart from it." He died in August, 1645, at the advanced age of ninety-seven, and was buried at Fawesley. "With him," says Thomas Fuller, "the old puritan seemed to expire, and in his grave to be interred. Humble, meek, patient, charitable, as in his censures of, so in his alms to, others. He was a passive nonconformist, not loving any one the worse for difference in judgment about ceremonies, but all the better for their unity of affections in grace and goodness." The celebrated Dr. Wilkins was his grandson, and born in his house at Fawesley in 1614, Dod having probably resided there before he was presented to the living.—R. M., A.
DODART, Denis, a French medical man and botanist, was born at Paris in 1634, and died on 5th November, 1707. He prosecuted the study of medicine, and in 1660 obtained the degree of doctor. He was soon afterwards made physician to the duchess of Longueville and the princess of Conti, and then to Louis XIV. In 1666 he became professor of pharmacy, and in 1673 was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences on account of his botanical acquirements. He made extended experiments on the subject of insensible perspiration, and on the loss of weight which the body sustains by it. At the suggestion of the academy, he also made researches on the formation of the voice. He died of a chest affection. A genus Dodartia was named after him by Tournefort. He published numerous medical and scientific papers.—J. H. B.
DODD, Charles, is the literary pseudonym of a Roman catholic priest, whose real name is variously asserted to be Richard Tootle and Hugh Tootell. He published in 1724 a "Certamen utriusque Ecclesiæ, a list of all the eminent writers of controversy, catholic and protestant, since the Reformation."
