worthy of the fame he had already obtained before leaving the country. To give an idea of the character of Danby's pictures, as we cannot notice them all, suffice it to mention the "Sunset at Sea after the Storm," a picture purchased by Sir Thomas Lawrence; the "Delivery of Israel out of Egypt;" the "Christ Walking on the Sea;" the "Opening of the Seventh Seal;" the "Passage of the Red Sea;" and the "Deluge;" amongst his early works—his "Fairies on the Sea Shore," and the "Golden Age," produced whilst abroad; and last, amongst those he painted after his return to England, another "Deluge;" the "Valley of Tempe;" the "Last Moment of Sunset;" the "Holiday of the Painter;" "Marius on the Ruins of Carthage;" Ulysses Leaving Ithaca," &c. Danby was an associate of the Royal Academy. He died 17th February, 1861.—R. M.
DANBY, John, a celebrated composer of glees in the latter half of the eighteenth century. He gained ten prizes from the catch-club, for seven glees, two canons, and an ode. Among the first are three which will secure to him a niche in the temple of fame, viz.—"When Sappho Tuned the Raptured Strain;" "Awake Æolian Lyre;" and "The Fairest Flowers the Vale Prefer." He died May 16th, 1798, at the moment a concert was performing for his benefit; for long-continued bad health had much impaired his circumstances.—E. F. R.
DANBY, Thomas Osborne, Earl of, a celebrated English statesman, ultimately created marquis of Caermarthen and duke of Leeds, but is best known in history by the title prefixed to this notice. In early life he was chosen a member of the house of commons, and showed eminent talents both for business and debate, combined with insatiable ambition and indefatigable energy. On the downfall of the infamous cabal administration in 1673, Sir Thomas became lord high treasurer of England, and was soon after created earl of Danby. He became the leader of the great tory and protestant party, and strove to perpetuate their supremacy in the legislature by proposing, in 1675, a law excluding from parliament and office all who refused to take an oath declaring resistance to the royal authority in all cases unlawful. But he strenuously opposed the foreign policy of Charles II., and employed all his efforts to detach that monarch from his alliance with France. His principles, however, were lax, and rather than relinquish his lucrative office, he submitted to connive at, and even to take part in, some of his royal master's scandalous pecuniary transactions with the French king. Some of these transactions were made public through the treachery of the French court, which wished to ruin Danby. He was, in consequence, impeached by the commons, and thrown into prison. Other matters, however, absorbed the attention of the legislature. Danby, after a long confinement, was admitted to bail; the impeachment was allowed to slumber; and at length, in 1685, the house of lords decided that it had been terminated by the dissolution of the parliament in which it originated. Danby became again an active and powerful member of the tory party; but the arbitrary proceedings of James II., and especially his attack upon the privileges of the church, gradually alienated the earl from his cause, and in 1688, he joined in the invitation given to the prince of Orange, and took a prominent part in the procedings and discussions connected with the expulsion of the Stewarts, and the settlement of the crown on William and Mary. In 1689 Danby was created lord-president of the council. Six years afterwards he was impeached by the commons on a charge of having received a large bribe from an agent of the East India company. An important link in the evidence was wanting, and the impeachment was allowed to drop. But though Danby nominally retained his office of lord-president for a considerable time after the discovery of this disgraceful transaction, his downfall was as irretrievable as it was ignominious. He survived till 1712, and frequently took a part in the debates in the house of lords, but he was never again admitted to any share in the management of public affairs.—J. T.
DANCER, Daniel, a noted and eccentric English miser of the last century, is said to have been born in 1714, near Harrow-on-the-Hill. He denied himself the necessaries of life, and his house at Pinner in Middlesex had not been repaired for half a century at his death in 1774. A Lady Tempest, who called upon him during his last illness, found him lying in an old sack, and, on recommending another covering, was told that as he had come into life without a shirt, he intended to leave it in a similar condition. To this lady he bequeathed property to the amount of five hundred pounds a year; and, after his death, parcels of bank notes and quantities of gold were found in all sorts of nooks and corners of his dilapidated abode.—F. E.
DANCER, John, an Irish writer who lived in the second half of the seventeenth century. He went to England in 1670. Dancer wrote "A Complete History of the Late Times," and "A Chronicle of the Kingdom of Portugal," and translated several Italian and French works.—R. M., A.
DANCOURT, Florent Carton, was born at Fountainbleau on the 1st November, 1661. His education was committed to the jesuits, who in vain sought to attach him to their order. On leaving their seminary he applied himself to the study of the law, and became an advocate at the early age of seventeen. Love, however, changed his destiny. He became enamoured of Thérèse Lenoir de la Thorillière, the daughter of an actor, married her, and went on the stage in 1685. He was very successful in comedy, and was one of the great favourites in the Comédie Française for over thirty years, and was on several occasions specially honoured by Louis XIV. Dancourt was equally successful as a dramatic author, and composed a vast number of pieces, sufficient to occupy six volumes. He was especially happy in his portraiture of the lower classes of society, and wrote with point and humour. In his fifty-seventh year he withdrew from public life to the seclusion of his estate in Berry. There, in the exercise of devotion, he passed the rest of his days, dying on the 6th December, 1725.—J. F. W.
DANDELOT, François de Coligny, a French general, was born in 1521. He was the youngest son of Gaspard de Coligny, seigneur of Chatillon, and the brother of the famous admiral of that name. Another brother, Odet, was cardinal archbishop of Toulouse, and became a convert to the protestant faith. Dandelot was the first of the family to embrace the reformed doctrines, and induced his two brothers to follow his example. They concealed their sentiments, however, during the life of Henry II., but Dandelot made an immediate profession of his faith, and was in consequence deprived of his office of colonel-general of infantry. He was of an ardent and impetuous character, and when the liberties of the protestants were assailed, he joined the prince of Condé in urging an appeal to arms; but the admiral, who cherished a great horror of civil war, advocated a milder policy. Dandelot died in 1569, shortly after the battle of Jarnac. His brother, the archbishop, was poisoned by his valet in 1571.—J. T.
DANDOLO, Andrea, was born in 1307, and was elected doge of Venice in 1343. At the time of his elevation he enjoyed a high and well-merited reputation for his sagacity and the extent of his knowledge. He brought to a successful termination, in 1346, a war with the Turks, and obtained from them permission for the Venetian ships to enter the Ottoman ports in Asia Minor, Syria, and Egypt. But the opening of the trade with Egypt to the Venetians ultimately led to a war with Genoa, and the anxiety occasioned by it is believed to have caused the death of the doge on 9th September, 1354. Dandolo was the author of the code which bears his name, and of a Latin chronicle of Venice, from the foundation of the city down to the year 1342; it is inserted in Muratori's collection, with a continuation by Cavesino.—J. T.
DANDOLO, Enrico, one of the most illustrious of the doges of Venice, was born early in the twelfth century. He was elected doge in 1192, at a very advanced age, and administered the affairs of Venice with great prudence and ability. On the formation of the fourth crusade, in the year 1201, under Baldwin, count of Flanders; Simon de Montfort; Louis, count of Blois; and other French noblemen, application was made to the Venetian senate for assistance to convey the crusaders to the Holy Land. Dandolo warmly supported their petition, harangued the people from the pulpit of St. Mark in its favour, and procured for them the loan of money, provisions, and ships. The crusaders, however, having failed to pay their share of the expenses incurred in equipping the fleet, Dandolo stipulated that they should assist in reducing the town of Zara, which had revolted from the republic. In spite of the peremptory prohibition of the pope, the enterprise was undertaken, and Dandolo himself, though aged and almost blind, embarked in the admiral's ship. Zara was assaulted and taken. The pope was obliged to grant the confederates absolution for their act of disobedience; but the indomitable old doge alone refused to ask the pontiff's forgiveness. Constantinople was at this time a prey to endless disorders and confusion. The emperor, Isaac
