on that occasion came under a suspicion of Romanizing tendencies, which was confirmed by a petition soon after presented to the king against him by Bastwick, Burton, and Prynne. He was not apparently disturbed on account of the petition; but in 1640 he came into collision with Archbishop Laud. He refused to sign the canons adopted in the celebrated convocation of that year, and was first thrown into prison and then suspended from his episcopate. During the civil commotions which followed he spent much of his time in the Cottonian library, and composed those "Memoirs of the Court of James the First," which were first published in 1839, by John E. Brewer, M.A. In 1650 he published an "Account of his Sufferings," and in 1653 a work dedicated to Cromwell, entitled "The Two Mysteries of the Christian Religion, the Ineffable Trinity and Wonderful Incarnation Explicated." For several years he was on terms of intimacy with Francis S. Clara, a dominican friar, in whose company he died in January, 1655. Goodman, strangely enough, was not a professed papist, but when Laud taxed him with popery for refusing to subscribe the canons, he strenuously denied it.—P. L.
* GOODRICH, Chauncey A., D.D., a celebrated American linguist and orthoepist, born October 23, 1790, at New Haven, Connecticut; graduated at Yale college in 1810; and in 1817 was appointed professor of rhetoric and oratory in that institution. He has edited several editions of his father-in-law Dr. Noah Webster's American Dictionary of the English Language; the latest of which, published in 1856, contains a synopsis of words differently pronounced by different orthoepists. In 1825 he published a valuable contribution to the literature of the age in a volume entitled "Select British Eloquence," embracing the best speeches entire of the most eminent orators of Great Britain for the last two centuries, with sketches of their lives, &c. He is likewise the author of several excellent elementary works on the Greek and Latin classics.—G. BL.
GOODRICH, Samuel Griswold, better known as Peter Parley, was born at Connecticut, U.S., 19th August, 1793. From 1814 till he was upwards of thirty years of age, Mr. Goodrich was engaged in business as a publisher in Hartford. It was not till after his return from a tour in Europe (1823- 1824) that he entered upon those literary labours which have made his nom de plume famous over the whole world. From 1828 to 1842 he was principally occupied as editor of the Token; and in this capacity he is gratefully remembered for the kindness with which he treated young writers struggling in obscurity. In 1838 he was a member of the senate of Massachusetts. On his visit to Paris in 1851 he held the office of consul of the United States, and in that city he remained till 1855. During his stay there, besides publishing "Les Etats Unis d'Amerique," and the "Petite Histoire Universelle," he made arrangements for the translation and introduction of his famous Peter Parley serials. In 1855 he returned to his native country. As the author of the "Outcast," 1837; "Sketches from a Student's window," 1841; and various other poems, Mr. Goodrich occupies no mean place among American poets. His miscellaneous prose works, "History of All Nations," 1849; "Recollections of a Lifetime," 1857, &c.; together with the numerous excellent school-books which came from his pen—were sufficient to have secured for the name of S. G. Goodrich a solid renown. But while he was the author or compiler in all of one hundred and seventy volumes, one hundred and sixteen of these, intended for the instruction and amusement of children, bear the name of Peter Parley. As the much-loved old gentleman of the knee-breeches and stout cane, Mr. Goodrich wrote numerous tales—(about America, 1827; Europe, 1828; Africa, 1830; Asia, 1830, &c.)—historical compends, ("Peter Parley's Universal History," 1837; "Peter Parley's Tales about Ancient Rome," 1832, &c.)—and miscellanies in history, biography, science, and general literature. "Peter Parley's Geography," 16mo, 1837 and 1844, had a circulation up to 1858 of two million copies. The publisher, who paid Mr. Goodrich only three hundred dollars for the copyright, made a fortune by this little work. The books of the Parley series have been translated into various European languages. In 1858 about seven millions of volumes had been sold, and they had attained an annual circulation of three hundred thousand copies. For the last thirty years of his life Mr. Goodrich suffered severely from weak eyes, and from this cause he was obliged to take the assistance of several subordinates in preparing his works for the press. He died suddenly in 1860.—R. V. C.
GOODRICH, Thomas, Bishop of Ely and Lord Chancellor of England, was the second son of Edward Goodrich, of East Kirkby in Lincolnshire, and was educated at Cambridge, where soon after 1500 he was admitted pensioner of Corpus Christi, and in 1510 became fellow of Jesus college. In 1515 he served as proctor of the university, and was nominated in 1529 one of the syndics of the university, to return an answer to King Henry VIII. concerning the lawfulness of his marriage with Queen Catherine. He was soon after made canon of St. Stephen's, Westminster, and chaplain to the king; and in 1534, bishop of Ely. In 1535, when Henry finally broke with Rome, Goodrich became one of the most zealous of the protestant bishops in promoting the Reformation. In 1541 he purged his cathedral and all the churches of his see of every monument of Romanism. He was one of the commissioners for reforming the ecclesiastical laws under Henry VIII. and Edward VI., and was also a member of the privy council under both these monarchs. He had a hand in compiling the Book of Common Prayer of 1548, and the Bishop's Book, or the institution of a christian man. On the 22nd of December, 1551, the great seal "was delivered to him by the king in presence of Northumberland and other grandees with the title of lord keeper." Goodrich in this position was skilfully used as an instrument of Northumberland's ambition—first, in obtaining a warrant for the execution of Somerset, and then in procuring an alteration in the settlement of the succession, in favour of Lady Jane Grey. On the death of Edward, he concurred with Northumberland in all the steps which were taken to carry into effect the new settlement of the crown. But in a few days all was changed, and Goodrich only saved his life by promptly surrendering the great seal. During Mary's reign he was permitted to continue in his diocese, where he offered no opposition to the restoration of the old religion. He died in May, 1554.—P. L.
GOODWIN, John, an eminent puritan divine of Arminian views, was born at Norfolk in 1593. After taking his master's degree at Cambridge, he was elected a fellow of Queen's college in that university, November 10, 1617. Having taken orders, he preached successively at Raynham, Lynn, Yarmouth, and Norwich; and in 1633 was presented to the vicarage of St. Stephen's, Coleman Street, London. He was an able and attractive preacher, and after his removal to London became a copious and popular writer. In 1640, having several times previously come into collision with Laud, he assisted, with others of the London clergy, in drawing up a petition to the king against the arbitrary proceedings of convocation against "sectaries;" and as many throughout the country followed their example, the king was obliged, in order to quiet the outcry against the bishops, to issue an order to Laud to relax his severity. When the contest between Charles and his parliament broke out, Goodwin took side zealously with the Litter, and wrote several violent pamphlets, one of which was entitled "The Butcher's Blessing, or the bloody intentions of Romish cavaliers against the city of London demonstrated;" and another, "Anti-Cavalierism, or truth pleading as well the necessity as the lawfulness of the present war;" and a third, "Os Ossorianium, or a bone for a bishop to pick"—meaning Williams, bishop of Ossory; all in defence of what he justly calls "the benefit and sweetness of this blessing of liberty." In 1644 he appeared as a champion of independency against the presbyterian party, which involved him in a controversy with Prynne and John Vicars. In 1645, after undergoing several examinations before the "committee for plundered ministers" for refusing to administer baptism and the Lord's supper at large to his parishioners, he was expelled from his vicarage, with a wife and seven children dependent upon him; but a portion of his attached flock adhering to him, he rented some buildings in Coleman Street, where he continued to preach till he was restored to his vicarage during the ascendancy of the Independents. About this time his theological views underwent a change. From a Calvinist he became a decided Arminian, and in 1651 appeared his "Redemption Redeemed," in folio, dedicated to the university of Cambridge, the chief design of which was to establish the doctrine of universal redemption. This publication involved him in new controversies with numerous assailants, several of them of great eminence, such as Caryl, Barlow, and Owen. In 1653 he published his "Exposition of the Ninth Chapter of the Epistle to the Romans," to prove that the apostle "discourseth nothing at all concerning any personal election in that chapter." His prominence as a Cromwellian brought him
