their faith, and at length took a more decided stand on the side of Calvinistic tendencies. When he left the university he was appointed by his father to the curacy of Weston-Favel, near Northampton. In this position he exhibited those qualities which won for him the love and honour of all who knew him. From Weston he removed to Bideford, where he held a curacy, as also, subsequently, in other places. About this time he composed his celebrated "Meditations," published in 1746, when Hervey appears to have been again at Weston-Favel, to the living of which he succeeded on the death of his father in 1752. To this living, "after much solicitation of his friends, he consented that Collingtree should be joined, so that about £200 a year was his ordinary income, with which he did no small measure of good to the souls and bodies of men." The success of the "Meditations" was extraordinary; and, in spite of its turgid and unnatural style, it is still a popular book. A second volume, of "Contemplations," appeared in 1747, and has ever since formed the inseparable companion of the first. In 1753 Hervey published his "Remarks on Lord Bolingbroke's Letters on the Study and use of History." The same year he wrote a preface to Burnham's Pious Memorials. Two years later appeared "Theron and Aspasio," which is the book in which his abilities are most fully developed, and which drew out the famous Letters on Theron and Aspasio, by Sandeman, inaugurating one of the most earnest controversies of the age.—(See Sandeman, Robert.) Hervey published nothing else of importance. His correspondence with some of the best men of the day was brought out with his Memoirs in 1760, after his death, which occurred on Christmas-day, 1758. His dispute with Sandeman may be thus described:—Hervey's favourite idea of faith was that it meant appropriation; Sandeman's, that it was "the bare belief of the bare truth."—B. H. C.
HERVEY, John, Lord, "the Boswell of George II. and Queen Caroline," as he has been called by the editor of his memoirs, was the eldest son of John, first earl of Bristol, and born on the 15th October, 1696. Educated at Westminster school and at Clare hall, Cambridge, he was originally destined for the army, but abandoning this intention, gave himself up to poetry and literature. In his earlier years he was a frequenter of the opposition-court, so to speak, of George II. and Queen Caroline, then prince and princess of Wales, and there he fell in love with one of the maids of honour, "Molly" Lepel, whom he married. Entering parliament as M.P. for Bath in 1725, he made a figure in the house of commons, and was bid for by Walpole and Pulteney. Walpole carried the day, and he was rewarded by the appointment of vice-chamberlain to the king in 1730, by elevation to the peerage in 1733 as Lord Hervey of Ickworth, and at last in 1740 by the bestowal of the privy seal. His services to Walpole were considerable. He defended the minister in a number of powerful pamphlets from the assaults of the Craftsman, the organ of Pulteney and Bolingbroke; and a bitter dedication contributed by him to another pro-Walpolite pamphlet led to a duel between himself and Pulteney, in which he was slightly wounded. It was about this time that he became engaged in a controversy with Pope. He espoused the cause of Lady Mary Wortley Montague, on whom Pope had turned. Pope took a terrible revenge, and Hervey was lashed as Sporus in the epistle to Arbuthnot, in a passage which ranks among the deadliest pieces of satirical writing in the language. Hervey's retorts in prose and verse are unknown now, save to the curious. While his controversy with Pope was proceeding, a community of sceptical sentiments engaged him in a friendly correspondence with Conyers Middleton, who dedicated to him the Life of Cicero, to which he is said to have contributed the English translations of its extracts from Cicero's writings and speeches. After the fall of Walpole Lord Hervey received his dismissal, and went into opposition. He died in the August of 1743. A century after his death he was remembered (if at all) only as the Sporus of Pope, when in 1848 the late Mr. John Wilson Croker, edited, with a biographical introduction, his unpublished "Memoirs of the Reign of George II., from his Accession to the Death of Queen Caroline," a work which at once took rank among the most curious of contributions to the English memoir literature of the eighteenth century. A volume of Letters of Mary Lepel, Lady Hervey, was published in 1821.—F. E.
* HERVEY, Thomas Kibble, poet and critic, born at Manchester in 1804, educated at Cambridge and Oxford, and intended for the bar, abandoned the study of law for literature. His earliest work was "Australia, a poem," published in 1825. His lyrics are scattered through a number of volumes, among them annuals which he edited, from the "Poetical Sketch-book," published in 1829 and consisting entirely of his own productions, to England's Helicon in the Nineteenth Century, to which, while editing it, he was a contributor. His poetical genius was defined by the late D. M. Moir (Delta) as "not unallied to that of Pringle and Watts, but with a dash of Thomas Moore." Mr. Hervey conducted the Athenæum from 1846 to 1854, when he was succeeded by Mr. Hepworth Dixon. In 1843 he married Miss Eleonora Louisa Montagu, born in 1811 at Liverpool, and herself a poetess. Before her marriage Mrs. Hervey had been a frequent contributor to the annuals, and had published in 1839 a dramatic poem, "The Landgrave." Since her marriage she has published several pleasing fictions.—F. E.
* HERZ, Henri, a pianist and composer for his instrument, was born at Vienna, of Jewish parents, 6th January, 1806. He was first taught by his father, who, to strengthen the fingers of his left; hand for pianoforte playing, made him also practise the violin. His next instructor was Hünten, an organist of Coblentz, father of the popular pianoforte writer of the same name. In 1816 he went to Paris, where he entered the conservatoire, and became the pupil of Pradher for the pianoforte, of Dourlen for harmony, and of Reicha for composition. His talent as a player was very early recognized in Paris, and his music soon became extremely popular all over Europe. In 1824 he entered into partnership in the pianoforte factory of which he is now the chief proprietor. In 1831 he made a successful tour through Germany in company with Lafont the violinist. In 1834 he first came to England, and he was everywhere greeted with popular applause. He received the decoration of the legion of honour in 1837. In 1846 he went, with Sivori the violinist, to America, and during three years they gave concerts together in almost every town in the two continents and the West Indies. Since his return to Europe, Herz has resided at Paris, occupied with his factory and in teaching. His first publications appeared so early as 1818, and for twenty years these were followed, in very quick succession, by that vast number of pieces, which had in their day more universal circulation than any pianoforte music that has ever been written. With the attraction of a singularly great amount of effect for the player in proportion to its difficulty, and the qualities of elegance and clearness unalloyed by affectation of profundity, Herz's music combines the merit of a decidedly original development of the powers of his instrument; and on this account especially, he holds an important place among writers for the pianoforte.—His brother, Jacques Simon Herz, also a pianist and composer, was born at Frankfort-on-the-Maine in 1794, and entered the conservatoire at Paris when Henri was about a year and a half old.—G. A. M.
HESELRIGE, Sir Arthur, a notability of the "Great Rebellion" period, was the son of Sir Thomas Heselrige of Naseby, and born about 1612. He was brought up at Westminster school. Elected to the Long parliament for Leicestershire, he was a very zealous member of the anticourt party, and was among the foremost antagonists of Strafford. Heselrige was one of the "five members" who were the objects of King Charles' celebrated and abortive parliamentary coup of the 4th of January, 1642. In the civil war he played a conspicuous part, was one of the judges who sentenced the king, and was appointed governor of Newcastle. A republican of the presbyterian type, he opposed Cromwell after the dismissal of the Rump and the inauguration of the protectorate. He was among the members of Cromwell's first parliament who refused to sign the instrument acknowledging the protector's authority; in spite of this, Cromwell gave him a seat in his new house of peers, but Heselrige avoided the honour, and sat in the house of commons of Cromwell's second parliament. He was active for the establishment of a free commonwealth in the period just before the Restoration, and seems to have been duped by Monk. On the accession of Charles II. he is said to have been committed to the Tower; at any rate, he died during the early months of the new régime. There are various of his letters partaking more or less of the character of official despatches, printed in the collection of King's Pamphlets in the library of the British museum.—F. E.
HESHUSIUS TILEMANNUS, an able and zealous but violent Lutheran theologian of the sixteenth century, was born in 1527 at Nieder-Wesel, in the province of Cleves, and studied at Wittemburg under Melancthon, where he become master of arts in 1550. His pulpit talents soon brought him into notice;
