jappu (Tam.) ; Gulâb-kali (the flower buds.) (Guz. and Mar.) ; Gulâb, gul, guláb (Pushtu.)
Habitat : — The commonest Indian Garden Rose, cultivated for Attar. Native country unknown.
Prickles unequal, large, hooked, sepals reflexed in flower.
Use : — In India, rose buds are preferred for medicinal use, as they are more astringent than the expanded flowers ; they are considered to be cold and dry, cephalic, cardiacal, tonic and aperient, removing bile and cold humors. Externally applied, the petals are used as an astringent. The stamens are thought to be hot, dry and astringent, and the fruit is credited with similar properties. A conserve made from equal parts of rose petals and white sugar beaten together, known as gulkand, is considered tonic and fattening, and is much used by women and old people. Shaikh-el-Rais says that he cured a consumptive young woman with it (Dymock).
474. R. centifolia Linn, h.f.b.l, ii. 364, Roxb. 404.
Vern.:— Gulâb (H.) ; (Golâp (B.) ; Groja (Tam.) ; Roja (Tel.) ; Paninir (Mal.) ; Gulabi (Kan).
Eng.: — The Hundred-leaved or Cabbage Rose.
Habitat : — A native of Caucasus and Assyria, cultivated in India.
Styles distinct. Stem erect, prickles mixed with the glandular bristles, unequal, large, hooked, bristles numerous ; leaflets and calyx glandular-cilliate ; flowers nodding.
Parts used : —The Petals and Oil.
Use : — The petals are said to be mildly laxative. The oil or the attar of roses is employed in medicine to disguise the unpleasant odor of certain ointments, and other external applications. The petals are given in the form of a syrup as a laxative to infants (Watt).
475. R. Gallica Linn, h.f.b.l, ii. 364.
Habitat : — -Europe and Asia Minor. Cultivated in India.
Style distinct. Stem erect, prickles mixed with glandular bristles, slender, equal. Flowers erect.
