Page:Introductory Hebrew Grammar- Hebrew Syntax (1902).djvu/168

From Wikisource
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This page needs to be proofread.

beginning of 43:11 and end of 43:12. In sense, it is I, or I am (what I am) is nearly the same.

When the sent. is transposed with pred. first the pron. anticipates the subj., Lam. 1:18 צַדִּיק הוּא יהוה; Song 6:8, 9 אַחַת הִיא יְוֹנָתִי one is she, my dove; Pr. 30:24, 29. Cf. Pr. 6:16; 30:15, 18. Peculiar is 1 S. 20:29 וְהוּא צִוָּה לִי אָחִי (Sep. otherwise), cf. Ps. 87:5.

EXPRESSION OF SUBJECT IN VERBAL SENTENCE

§ 107. In the verbal sent. the subj. is expressed by the inflectional element of the form, except in 3rd pers., as יָדַעְתִּי I know, מְכַרְתֶּם ye sold (where tem and ti express the subj.). In the nominal sent. the subj. has to be expressed. On its omission with ptcp. cf. § 100.

1. Emphasis on Subject

When emphasis falls on the pronom. subj. in verbal sent. it is expressed separately, being then placed chiefly before, but also after, the verb. The emphasis is often slight, and due to contrast. Gen. 42:8 וְהֵם לֹא הִכִּרֻהוּ but they did not recognise him; 33:3; 42:23, Jud. 4:3; 13:5, Is. 1:2, Hos. 2:10, Am. 2:9. After the verb, Jud. 8:23 לֹא־אֶמְשֹׁל אֲנִי בָּכֶם I will not rule over you. Gen. 24:60, Ex. 18:19, 1 S. 20:8; 23:22, 2 S. 12:28; 17:15, 2 K 10:4, Is 20:6, Jer. 17:18. The pron. is often strengthened by גַּם whether before the verb or after. Gen. 20:6; 38:11; 48:19, Jud. 1:3, 22; 3:31, Hos. 4:6.

Rem. 1. These additional exx. of pron. may be turned up. Gen. 30:26; 31:6; 42:19; 43:9; 45:8, Ex. 20:19, Deu. 3:28; 5:24, Jud. 8:21; 15:12. In many cases, however, the emphasis is not on the mere pron.; the expression of the pron. gives force or solemnity to the whole phrase, which is emphatic. Particularly in responses to preceding statements or requests, as Gen. 21:24 I will swear, 38:17; 47:30, Jud. 6:18 (11:9), 2 S. 3:13; 21:6, 1 K. 2:18;