ABIATHAR
60SSA family
HA-KOHEN OF
Fnuiidcr
it(
a
liiul llniiiislied in
widespread
SARA-
inilile Siiaiiisli
He
the tifleeiuli ceiilurv.
Leali. Dmi Alplionso of Araj;()!i, an illejritimate son of Kini; John of Aragon. fellin love with Esther, who is said to have been After she had been luiptizcd lie very lieaiilifiil. married lier. and of this inarriaire there were three sons anil one daiiixhter. The eldest son. Jolin of Aragon, beeanie eount of Uiba.irorza and married a dau^'hter of Lopez de Guerrea, llie sole heiress to the large estates of lier father. Alplionso. the seeond son, entered the C'liiireh. and in a short time beeanie bishop of Tortosa and. under Ferdinand the Catholic, archbishop of Tarniirona. The third son. Fernando, became commander of the Order of San Juan. Esther's granddaiii;hter. Juana of AraLTon. married Don Francisco de la C'avallesia. irrandson of the Jew Bonafos. Leah married the Alarano 3Iartiu Saneliez (see "Revista du Espana," xviii. o4H). M. K.
Lad two dauff liters, Kstherand
ABIB
("Ears of Grain"): Name of the first Helirewvear (Ex. xii. 2;com]iare xiii. 4), correspondinj; to tlie Babylonian and postexilian
Hebrew
Nisan. Aeeordinj: to the lialiylonian system, which iMdliably prevailed in Palestine, it beiran )u ordinary years in the last third of March, but in every third or intercalary year a month later (see
Calesdau).
Moses Naljdan's book on
Hebrew accentuation. Neirinot " (Leiiisic, 1715). He also wrote in Latin a dissertation on "Sefer lia-Yasliar" (LeipShaar ha
'•
J.
F.
Among
liis
Lingiue Sanctie
generally kiiowu. nini.ionR.vPiiV: iillii til
Jiiclier,
su|i|ili'lllcnt.
cil.
inline IJiiilwlii-
Iliiill.
tSlK;
(.)!.
Jlihr. mill.
GcUhrten-Lcxicnn,
AdeluDK.
iilein,
112; Wiilf. mill.
I.
ill.
(literally.
"Beloved, "!'.c.."nabib")
A
miraculous cures. BiBUOORApnT: Photlus, nthliotheea. p. 383.ed. Ifil2: Dc Stephana, Id Aueustlne, Opera, vil. appenitlx.
Luclan,
K.
JOHANN GEORG
Jena (ITOO). In 17li7 lie weni to Danziir. where he became rector of the jiymnasium. lioldiiiL: simultaneously the pastorate at Ihe Church of the Holy Trinity. In 172i( he was called to WilteiibeiLr to till the ollices of general superinlendenl and chief (irofessor of theolog:y at the university, as well as that of pastor at the city church. Abicht excelled in Oriental laniruases and Hebrew iircheolo!;y. His scholarly interests embraced both the history anil llie literatiireof the .lews. The rabbinic cominenlaries. in jiarlicular. claimed his attention; and he showed his partiality for them by Ininslatinjr .selections into Latin. Tliese Inuislii-
amonn which may from the commentaries of Ibn Ezra, which appeared Habbinica" (Leipsic. I7IK!).
be mentioned si'leetions Hashi. Abnivanel. and iinder the title "Selecla
and a renderinir of Isaiah
di Trani's conimenliiry upon the l!ook of Joshua, form but ii of his pulilicalions. In the "Selecla ]{abbinica" are conlaiiied. also. fiiii.Mni'nls from the tlieoloiry of IMiiimoiiides; while under the title
Porta Accentiium
"
lie
produced
I.
Ilehmifli
Hthr.
II.
1: Idem,
4.7; McCllntock
In Ziil.f. Kuiitt. Lrhat
ii.
IWS; I'liiHtrldwhe Kir-
and Stiung,
L'liclupcdla,
xl. 13.
H. G. E.
ABIDA
ABIDAH
or ("Father Knoweth") son of .Midian. ami grandson of Abraham and Kcturah (Gen. xxv. 4, and in the genealogical list in I Chron. i. 33). G. B. L.
A
ABIDANC' Father is Judge"): A the tribe of
(Num.
11,
i.
23,
ii.
Benjamin
vii. GO, 65,
son of Gideoni,
after
Exudus
the
G. B. L.
x. 24).
ABIEL ("Father is God"): 1. Father of Kish and Nil. and grandfather of Saul (I Sam. ix. 1, xiv. Another account makes him the great-grand51). father of Saul: Xer. by that accouni. being the father, instead of thebroiher, of Kish. The mistake probably (hie to an error of the scril)e (I Chron. i..
2.
3!»).
One
of the
"thirty
men"
of
David (I Chron. xi. 32). In the list given in II Sam. xxiii. 31. Abiel is called Abi-Albon. which Buddc, "S. B. O. T." p. 80, reads Abi-Baal. G. B. L.
ABIEZER
("Father is Help"): 1. A clan of Manassih. the most important member of which
was (iideon. in whose time the seal of the chm was at Oiihrah on the western side of the Jordan (Josh, xvii. 2: Judges, vi. 11. 24. 34. viii. 2 1 Chron. vii. IS; Num. x.wi. 3(1 has Jeezer). Abiezrite is the
Gentile name, and is found in Judges, vi. 11. 24, viii. 32; Num. xxvi. 30 has Jeezerite. 2. AbieZer the A net hot hi te. one of the "thirty men " of David, and commanding oltieer of 24,000 men in Ihe ninth
month
(11
Sam.
xxiii. 27;
I
Chron.
xxvii. 12).
xi. 28.
G. H. L
Christian He born HIT',' al KiiniLsei-. in ihe principality of bniisi SchttarzlmiK-Kudolsladt; died 174b. He studied first at Jena and afterward at Leipsic. On the completion of his university course he became instructor in Oriental laniruajies at the University of
tions,
eels. Zif ft rrq. col. XI. I/eipsle, ITST All31: SIi-lii»<liiieldiT, Ciif.
I.
llirinllichc
.SiV(/i.viK(/iiiW<i((i>(/i'/i)ir((ii.
chciiliisluric.
1.
Iliiiiiriiiiliii:
is
McC.
mythical son of I{. Gamaliel, the teacher of Paul, conccrninir whom a Christian lefrend existed that lie and his father were baptized by John and Peter. Lucianus. bishoji of Jerusalem in the year 415. wrote that (ianialiel aii])cared to him in a vision and revealed the fact that the body of Abibas lay exposed to the sun and rain, awaitinjr decent burial that the liody was recovered and properly buried. Thereafter the ashes of Abibas were used as remedial njieneies in disease, and they are said to have eU'eeted
ABICHT,
an anonymous work on Jewish history. numerous productions his "Metliodus " (Leipsic, 1718) is the oue most
1732),
.sic,
viii. 33.
ABIBAS
Abigail
chief of
nioiiih of the
"
Abi Ayub
THE JEWISH ENX'YCLOPEDIA
57
in a
Latin giirb
ABIEZER, JUDAH BEN ISAAC,
of Tikauthor of the nineteenth century. He resided in Jerusalem and wrote ".Mislimeret haBerit" (The Charge of the Covenant), a defense of Judaism against tlie irreligious, published in Jerusalem. 1«4(): "Sha'are Zedek " (The Gates of .Iiistice). upon the prerogatives of the Holy Land and upon the sulTerings of Jerusalem and of Saled in this century (Jernsaleni. 184S): " Mekor ha Berakah " (The Source of Blessing), being the lirst part of a work " in three volumes, calleil "Bemkali Mesliuleshel (The Threefold Beiiedielioii). upon Ihe Talliiiidieal He is coiisiderrd treatise Benikoi (Lemberg. 1S5I). a great authority among mbbinical writers, and his work. "Sliaare Zedelj." is full of interesting ilelails concerning Palesliiie. [.V copy with his aulognipli in the New York Public Liiiniry shows thai his second name was Judali, though this is not mentin
.V
.lewisli
tioned in the lille-pages of his H. H.
raphies. lliiii
works or
iiKiii.tniv : Fni'iiii. Krnfutl Ylfrnrl, p. (emvcloinNllii), p. Ill, Wursnw,
IhiHihhnt
in hibliog-
]
It,
Wiirsmv, 1888;
lf««;.
D. O.
ABIGAIL
("Father Is Joy"): 1. A iliniirhlerof Jesse anil sister of David, who married Jetliir the Ishmaelile. and beciinii' the iiioilur of .mii«:t (I Chron. ii. 10, 17). In II Sam. xvii. 25 sUv is iigaiii
