which he veritied, he siiys. by means of an instrument divided into minutes, the diagonal of which was almost twenty-four spans long. He cites Isiuvc
of
forged ofliciiil opinions of tlic mlibinicnl council Conolantinoplc in favor of Slmbbctlmis claims to Willi irrcal siihllcly lie obtained in_ Mcssiahslii|). delegates i>f liucncc over two Polish rabbis wlio, as to Constantithe Jews of eastern Europe, had come Sliab nople in order to investigate the claims of over them as betliai. and exercised such inllucnce
Israeli. iiiiiRAi'iiv : StelnsrhiiPldiT. (W. KoiK. No.2587: Idem. .ViiIhiimilili hei <l< 11 Jitiliii. Ill Aliliiiiiilluiig zur (ienrh. d. .Md/d.iiKidV,, purl ix. ir.->. l.i'ipslr. IMKi.
Him
..
his adherents. to lead Ihiin to declare th<iiis<'lves The conversion of Slial>belliai to Moliamniedanisni put an end to the career of Ila Yakiiii as an agitator. Notwithstanding his activity in tins direction, lie
HiuLloiiKAFllv
L.Warner,
whom he knew
i)ersonally
and
"
for
Steinsilmelder, Cat. Boill. No. 434(1 ; Idem, 5. Lcii'ten Cnlaliiiiiir. p. -".Kl; Fiirst, (lexrl, il.hantert. 111. x. IHl. Annurkumtii, p. iC; (iriltz, Ocn-li. il. Judeu.Med. Azulu ha-To'im. pp. 6,29. .J. 211, 217; I). Kaliana. Khin ha-Oedolim he-mila.sh. letter Alc)jli. No. a8; DuluanI,
,
Shem
Mcuna Krim.
11. 1'jil.
, Jj.
ABRAHAM BEN YEFET
(
JAPHETH):
,,
tr.
Ka-
born about the beginning of the tifteelitli century; died after Utill. He traced his descent to Moses'D.u'i. the celebrated Karaite poet. He copied the rcligio-legal comix'ndium <if Samuel ha-Kofe haMa'arabi in 1460. Abraham ben Yefet is probably identical with the Karaite i>oet Abraham ha-Rofe, since Hofe is a cognomen of many of the ancestors raite poet
of
Abraham ben
Yefet.
Even
in his
work
as scribe
he reveals his poetic nature by subjoining an epigram at the end of each mauuscripl that he copied. Pinsker. hihhuU Kmlmimiot.p.iO. and supI!ini.lO(;RAPiiv
322. plenient. pp. 115,12); Stelnsclmeider, Hcltr. Lebera. p. I'lit, note. T,
C.
ABRAHAM YIZHA?:i OF SALONICA. ABRAHAM BEN YOM-TOB BONDI. See YoM BONDI. AlUtAU.WI „ „. OF JERUSAABRAHAM BEN YOM-TOB ('niislaiKuinpli-; LEM Astnmomer and rabbi of Elijah of
See lloKsuKi,. AiiUAiiA.M Josiir.v. Ill'.N
T"l
born about 1480.
He was
a pupil
Mi/.ral.ii,
r|uoted by Joseph Caro as a high authority In 15r)fi, at the instance of Joseph Nasi, he joined inthe rabbis of Constantinople who attempted to of the terdict commerce with Ancona on account oppression that the Alanvnos of that port suffered under the jurisdiction of the popes. Abraham ben Y'om-Tob edited a calendar for the Jewish, Chrisprinted in tian and Mohammedan vears. which is
and
is
the Greek
(ed. Elijah ha-Levi, Constantifollows thie system of Ulugh Beg,
Mahzor
nople, 1526).
He
llnurislnil
in
Neubauer. Cat. Bodl. Hcbr.
ABRAHAM ZARFATI. ABRAHAM ?ARFATI Sir
•rKi;vi.s.
ABRAHAM IBN ABRAHAM ZEBI
AiiiiAii
many
TREVES).
Karaitic manuscripts, he composed a work on the genealogy of the patriarch Abraham, which is still preserved in the Warner collection to at Leydcn. From a Hebrew letter of Ha-Yakiiii Warner it is learned that the former was in favor with the Dutch minister at the Turkisli court, and it must be stated to the creilit of Ha-Yakiui that he used Ins influence in behalf of strangers. It may be mentioned that with the Crimean Jews (Crimcliaki) HaY'akini is still a name to conjure with; al their prayers in memory of Israel's great dead his name is mentioned with".special solemnity. BiBLior.UAiMiv
ulm
MSS.
No. 448.
M. K.
(comthe author of one hundred and fifty psalms posed in imitation of those in llie Bible), which ap of pcared under the title "Hod Malkut " (Glory also wrote the Kingdom), Constantinople. H>">">. He "Eshel Abraham " (Aliraliam's Oak), a collection of sermons, and "Tosefet Merubbah " (Additions to Additions), a commenlary upon the Tosefta, and biliresponsa. At the reciuest of the Dutch scholar and is
he copied
— G.
Spain alioiil 'M»>. He was the iiutlior of a coniiiniitary on Baba Biilni. which is still extant in manuscript in the Bndleiau Library, Oxford, p^nglaud.
time for literary work, which is of such he merit that, had it not iiecn for the deceptions iiouorable pnictisc<l. it would have secured him an He place among the Jewish scholars of his time.
whom
I
OF TTJDELA
ABRAHAM BEN YOM-JOB Commeiitalor,
foiuKl
liophile
122
THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA
Abraham ben Tefet Abrahaxnson, Abraham
i
ir.N
Sec Z.rfati, AnuA-
(BEN SOLOMON .i;i!aiiam
ZARZAL.
Soi,-
r.i.N
See
_ OF PIOTRKOW
Zakzai,, T,
,.
,
Polish Talmuilist; tlourislied at the begiiuiiug of the nini'He was a rabbi in several I'olish teeiith centurv. communities," including I'iolrkow, where he died. 1H1><), His work. "Berit Abraham" (Dyhernfurth, contains responsa covi'riiig the tield of all f<mr parts of the "Shulhan -.Vruk." Besides this there are several responsa of his in the works of his con:
temporaries. liiiu.iooRAPHY: Benjaoob, 0?ar;i<i-Sc/arim,
ABRAHAMS, ABRAHAM
p. 83.
L. G.
AVriter on sliehianimals); born at tiik (laws of ritualistic killing of Siedlce in Poland. December. 1801, and died at Jerusalem. January 2:!, 1S80. He was familiarly known he as Ralibi Abi-aliam. and for nearly half a century performed the duties of luincipal ^li'^het in London. Owing to the persecution of the Jews by the Uussian government, he tied from Poland to England in 18:17, and received the appointment of sholiet at Leeds. Two years afterward he became chief sholiet of Lon:
very don. 'As an authority on shehitah he enjoyed a wide reputation, being the author of several popular Hebrew works upon this and otlwr Talmudical subHis opinions on the minutiieof the ritual and jects. observances were greatly resiiected, especially in PoHis best -known works are " Bet Abraham land and " Yizkor le-Abraham." the latter being his autoyear before his death he settled in biography. in that JerVisaleiii, in order to end his days in study Onir of his last acts was to present to the city. Mishkenot Israel Buildiiiff Society the house he had purchased iu the Holy City, directing that it be used ill ]ieriietuily as a synagogue. His son by a
A
se('onil
marriage
BIBLIOGRAPHY •
wasBAUXKTT AnuAHAMS.
Jcic. ChVKn. Feb.
i:!.
IHS(1;
'^"-
Jew. TCorM. Feb. •
G. L. Dayyan, or asConsistant rabbi, of the Spanish and Portuguese
ABRAHAMS, BARNETT
of greo-ation of London. England, and prineiiial Poland, Jews' Collece. He was born in Warsaw, and died in London. November l."i, 186:i in 18:il brahams was educated at University College, and mversity of received the degree of B.A. from the I London. He received his rabbinical instruction from Spanish conhis father. From a minor position in the at gregation Abrahams liecame dayyan, performing On the resigthe same time the duties of l.iakam. principal of nation of Dr. Loewe Abrahams became
