"
Acs&dy
)
172
THE JEWISH ENCYCLuri'.DlA
Adam
Some writors wovi- into tlicir vt-rst-s Acrostics consisting not only of their own niinu'S. but of long, continuous
from
piissiiges
word by word
Scripture
introduced
(these are referred toaboveiis textual
A very elabomie instance is Simon b. ('"'"' "'t' seventh day piyut 'Jt-'IL" JJCTI A special kind of acrostic was the of Passover). repetition of the same initial throuirlioiit the comThe "Thousiuid Alephs" of Abraham b. position. Israel Bedcrsi. of Joseph ibn Latiini. and of J. Cohen Zcdek are cases in i)oiut. The alphabetical Jlidnishim. such as the Alphabet of Sirach (pseudonymous), do not beh>ng to Acrostics proper. Acrostics were also employed for JInemonics and for charms. JIauy of these are AuiiUKVi.vTioNS rather " than Acrostics. The oft used cabalistic formula however, a genuine acrostic; the phrase jot." V"lp has a meaning, and the letters forming it are. according to some, the initial letters of the second line of prayer begiiming n33 N3X the early morning Acrostics were very little used in Hebrew as Riddi.ks. As an example, however, of what may be done in this way, witness the following iiuadrujile Hebrew It is a acrostic, attributed to Abraham ibn Ezra. resjionse to a question in ritual law. an<l reads idenAcrostics).
ms
Isjiae's
in the Sixti-entli and Seventeenth Couturies), 1889. In 1891 he edited the " Kis Cyclopedia " at the request of the Alhiiiaum Society. v wrote the tifth and si.vth volumes of S/.ilagyi's "National History of Hungary," pulilished in 189.')-98, on the occasion of the thousandlli anniversjuy of the existence of Hungary. The lifth volume of this work deals with the conditions ])revailing in Hungary after the battle of Mohacs. l.")-,'(i, and the sixth with the reignsof
nomic Conditions
Leopold
He
I.
and Joseph
has been a
I.
"Magyar Tanllgy," "Budapest!
Szemle," "Szazadunk," Bnu.MXiRAPnv .U(1(;h(1|- ^<./v
Hungarian
prolitie contributor to
journals, such as
I>alla.s,
Ttim.
"
.Magyar Zsido S/.emlc," etc.
Mainiar Lexicim,
1. ."lO
Mimmr SzaUm,
1.
TO;
1S8:, p.
tically
ward.
D
1
J
1
-I
-I
V 3 n
^1 -I
L" :
J I-
1
A.
ACSADY, IGNATZ (IGNATIUS): Hungarian hislorian;
lioiii al
He was educated
Nagy
Ivamly, Septemlii-r.
!).
lS4r).
and Budajiest, and he began his journalistic
at liebrcczin
career in f8()'J as conributor to " Szazadunk," In a political journal. INTO he joined the staff if the "Pesti Kaplo t
I
and
remained
regular contributor. In acknowledgment of his merits as a historian he was elected corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in ISS.S. Ilis researches deal chietiy with the economic life of the and sevensixteenth teenth centuries in Hun,. He has also tried irarv. his hand at writmg novSince 1894 he has taken an active els and dramas. part in the work of the Hungarian Jewish Literary Society as chairman of the eomnnttee on documents. His more imjioriant works are: " Az Altalanos Allamjog es a Politika Torlenete " (The Common State Law and the History of Polities), Budapest, 1875-76, published by the Hungarian Academy; "Zsido es Kem Zsido Magyarok az Emanczipaczio utan " (Jewish and Non-.iewish Hungarians after the Emancipation), 1883; "Az Osztriik Csaszari Czim es >Iagvarorszag " (The Austrian Imperial Title and Hungary), Budapest, 1877: -'Szecliy Maria " (188")); " Magyarorszag Budavar Visszafoglalasji Korilban " (Hungary at the Time of the Reoecupation of Biida), prize essay, 1880; " Magyarorszag Penzugyei I. Ferdinand Alatt " (The Financial Affairs of Hungary under Ferdinand I). 18HS, and " Kozgardaszegi a Lapolsunk XVI. es XVII. Szazadban " (Our Eco.
,
ACTS OF PARLIAMENT RELATING TO THE JEWS OF ENGLAND: The l(ui>lalure England expresses ils will in formal documents as Acts, and thus the recor<l of the legislative enactments concerning the Jews of England is to be fotuid in the collected Acts known as the of
known
"Statutes i>f the Hi'alm." As Parliament, in the modern sense of the term, had scarcely begun to exist before the Jews were exjielled from England in 1290, there are only a few reteicnees to the Jews
A referin the statutes of the fourteenth century. " ence to them in the Statutes " I)e Mercatoribus (Statutes, i. 100), " I)e Pistoribus" (ib. ^ 2(l2. 203), and the Statute 1 Ed. III., st. 2, c. 3, exhaust the
n 3 V T
L"
4f^l.
M. W.
i-.
forward and backward, upward and down-
Szlnnyel,
a
after the return of the Jews to England relate to their position with regard to marriage laws, etc., and especially to their legal di.sabililies. The most interesting of these are the two Acts removing and replacing these disabilities during The following the "Xo Jewsl" agitation of I7.53. is a list of the chief Acts of the English Parliament list.
But
many Acts
(including some Acts of the Colonial Parliaments) relating to the Jews: IOiM.-«
A
Jews
7 Will. III., rap. 6. sec. n3.
as man ami wife statute on iiiarriHires.
i-(itiiihitint'
iiy tills
t<>
pay
ttie
duty imposed
1703.— 1 Anne. cap. ;«! (n-peiiled In 1S4«). An Aft tji (itiliiie the .lews U> maintain and provide for their I*rot**stant children.
17tO.— 1:3 (ieo. II., call. 7. An Act fiiriialiirali/inir such rnrciirn
rniti-staiii.s and nthers therein iiifnti'-nci ijiiclu'lmi: .lews) iis jirc scillc.l i.r shall settle in aiiv iif Ilis Miijcslv's cilunies 111 . iiTica. 17.53.— 36 (ieu. II.. cap. 31. An Actto pcnnit jiersHns pnifessing the Jewish religion to he naturalized hv Parliament, etc. 175.3.-2« (iei). II., cap. Si. Ixird Hardnicke's Act fur prevention of clandestine iiiariSeo. 18 e.eini>ls Jewish marriages.) riapes. n.M.— 37 Geo. II., cap. I. An Act to repeal an Act of the twent.y-slxth year of His Majesty's reiirii. intituled. An Act to permit iiersons professing the Jewish religion to be naturalized by I'arlia-
ment, etc. IS20.— Barbados— An Art efinceming the vestry of the nation resident within the island. (For electing
Hebrew
live representatives to settle taxation.) 1823.- (ieo. IV.. cap. 7«. Repealing Lord Hardwicke's Act. (Sec. 31 exeni]iis .I.ws.) 1830.— Oipv of a liill which has recenUy passed the H..iise ..f Assembly In .lamalca. (Repealing the clauses disalililig .lews from iH-lng elected raeni be rsof the Corporation of Kingston.) 1836.-() 4 7 Wm. IV.. cap. M. An Act for marriages in England. (Sec. 2. Jews may contract marriage according to Jewish usages, provided that both parties are of the Jewish religion, and that the registrar's certificate has tieen obtained.) 183«.— li i 7 Wm. IV.. cap. 86. An Act for registering births, deaths, and marriages In England. (Sec. :io. The president of the London Committee of Deputies of the British Jews is to certify to the registrar-general the appointment of secretaries of synagogues to act as marriage registrars. 1840.-3 & 4 Vic. cap. 72. An Act to provide for the solemnization of marriages in the (Sec. 5. districts in or near which thi- parties reside. Jews exempted from operation of the Act.)
