THE
277
.IKWISII
not express a desire for a tender child on thy tahle ' To which the kine answered. ' Have I asketl for a dead lillil ? It Is a live Kven so. said the Holy One hlesseil bt^ He I— to I desire.* Abraham *Take now thy son. and (/iTer hliti there for a hnmt wheretifKin .tiriihain built an alt^ir. and placed his sun otTi'Tlrii;; U|>oii It. Hut when he stretched forlli his hand for the knife, the au^'ei cried out.* Lay not thine liand uiioti ilie yuutli.' And when Ahnitiaui iniiuirefl, 'Dtdst thou not t^di nie to olTer my son?' the annel reU>rted, Did I tell thee to kill him V " (Tan., Wayera. 'l
(
one
'
i)f Al.iii's
vations to lead pie
him
lie e.pres.sed
good word for
The Jpw needs
pri-
bat k to CJod "
His gratitude to
.iii.).
I{.
ciiiu^ranis reads, "
by
(t'aiit. U. i. 4; Lev. defenders of his jieo"To liini wlio speaks a
the
s;iiiijr.
Israel, the l.oiil will assiiriian e.xalted
station ill the world; for it is written |lsa. x... IS], lie will exalt him who has pity on yoti " (Pesik. R. 'Vi, li)(i'(). Por other hoinilelie ob.servations. see I'e.sjk. I{. 4. 3%, xiii. h, xvii. VMn. mh, xxi. l4o./, XXX. 191i; Tan., cd. Ruber, index of aulhors; Midr. Teh., ed. Huber, index Pesik. ]{., ed. Friedmaiin, index; .see also a full account in liaclier, '*Ag. Pal. '
'
A^a
his own father. While the memlx>rs of the academy, resolved to elect Aha, were within, awaiting the appointed hour for voting, Jlar had himself elected outside- theacndemv (B. B. 1*2//; 'i'eb. 8/( Ned, 23/(; Naz. 4*2'/; tsanh. 4'2./; Men. 5*; GrUtz, "Gesch. d. .Itiden," iv. 4(i.'), n. 08). S. M.
A^A
ed. ltui)cr. 4U; (;en. u. hi.).
One
Ag-ur ben Jakeh b. Isaac
ENX'YCLOPEDIA
B. IIANINA A Palestinian and lourili centuries. He col-
(A^AI)
amora of the
third Ic'cted rare I5araitot
among
the leading scholars of
in southern Jiidea, lo his eollciigues elsewhere,
w hich he communicated even as far ;is the Baby-
Daroma
lonian academies. Often he reports Ilalakot on behalf of .loshua b. Levi (Bet*. 8i; 8uk. 541/: Yeb. 5"rt; Sotah, 24//; IIul. 13*2*); also many Haggadot (see Bacher, ** Ag. Pal. Amor," iii. .540"-.540). R. Levi, the famous haggadist of the second and third amoraic generations, received from Aha li. Ilanina the reason for the cc/llocation of the ninth and tenth lieiiedietions in the Prayer of Benedictions, known by the namc> of ** .Shcmonch Esreh " (Ycr. Ber. ii. .")</). lie reccimmends visiting the sick as a means of facilitaling a cure, declaring that every one who calls on a patient relieves him of one sixtieth part of his sulTering (Xed. :!il/.i. y. M. '
Amor."
lOC-163.
iii.
A^A:
S.
JI.
Urother of Abba, the father of .Jeremiah
Abba; a cfinlemporary of Abba Arika
(third centhe history of the world there never had been a man so penitent as King .losiah. and after him came Aha. the brother of Abba (.Shall. miA. S. .M. li.
The
tury).
A^A
B.
latter sjiid that
ADDA: An
in
a mora of the foiirlh cen-
and educiited in Palestine, lie emigrated io liidiyhiiiia. wheic he becami' a disciple of Kali .ludah ben Ezckicl and of Kali Ilaniiiiiiia II. He freliny
bcdii
ipienllyrcporti'd decisions of his Palestinian lea<'hers. lb* survived all his associates of the third amoraic As he grew old he became weak and his general ion. hands trembled; and it is relatx'd that, to imitate his signaliire in a judicial document, a forger made his own hand tninbic like that of the aged scholar (Kid. ;!0./;Sanh. i)0/':.Suk. iXh. 211./ B. 15. lOT-O. That Aha loved virtue for virtue's .sake may be inferred from the eonstruelioii he put on Mai. iii. X. He
says: Then shall ye return, and discern between This means between the righteous and the w icked. the Ix'liever and the unbeliever. Petweeii hini that srTvelh (!oil ior God's sake and him that .sorveth Him not for His sake;' that is. man should not use his knowledge of the Law as an ax lo cut with oras a crown wherewilh to crown himself " (.Iiilr. Teh. lo Ps. xxxi.. I'd. liiiber; compare .b. iv. .">).
'
'
'
s.
A^A AREKA. A^A B. AWYA
Sr,. Ai.i
(Ai.iai)
15.
'AWA A
He was a disciple of Uab llisda in liabyand appears frei|iientlv in conlrovcrsy with
.lohanan.
Uidi Ashi I. (Pes. 33A; Veb. U7<j; B. Hill. 3bf, TM).
15. 3<(, 4(iA.
S.
5(i«
M.
A^A BARDALA: llrst 2tl'(;
. liabylimian amora of the geneialion.a luiiiemporarv of Abbii Areka(Suk.
lie/all,
A9A
ll.»;
(!i!.
OF DIFTI:
14-0. .V
'
S.
A
num
Yeb.
Xed. iW<(. B. B. TO,/. .Sanh. haiipeueil in his days that IfmOrmuzd, the C|ueen-mother of Sapor II. of Persia, sent to Raba an animal to be sacrificed to the Jewish God and according to ancient Jewish rites but as the sacriliees had ceased with the destruction of Jcrusalcin, Raba deputized Aha b. Iluna, together 43./.
(Pes. 47-/.
Shebu.
89//,
It
3G//).
wilh Rab .Sifra, to burn the i/rofTercd Siicrifice on a sand-bank bv the sea, on a pyre prepared of new ly
wood
fc-lled
(Zeb.
IK)//).
S.
A^A B. I^A:
JI.
Babylonian amora of the fourth iintem|iorary of Raba, and nephew ,V
century, juijioiof Aha b. Jacob. He is frecjuently ciuoted in halakie discussions by hiscontemporarics and successors. iind received the title of Bar be-Rab (Fellow of the Academy) from his uncle Aha, with whom he carried on halakie controversies ('Er. (13//, Ket. 74./, Sanh. 4*2./, c
Naz
42,/).
M.
S.
- i.
Papa.
or Babylonian halnkisi of the third generation of Amoraim. r once visited Palestine, where he attended the Iccliires of Kjib .Vssi (Yasii I.), and seems to have met liabbi lonia,
A^A BAR
HTJNA: Babylonian amora of the fourth gcdicration. disciple of Kabbah b. Xal.iinaui and of Shcshct. Hisda. another teacher of Aha. employed him for his halakie correspondence wilJi Ruba ben .loseph. who recognized in him a great and wise
>[,
Babylonian amora of the
sixth genernlioii ilifib century 1. ficcpienily found in halakie discussion wilh IJabina II. Kor a time he
acted ns counselor (liakam) of the exilaiili (ivi/( gnI'll'i) .Mar Zu|ra I. (lIl-loO). Afler the dealh of Nal.iiiian b. Huna he would have been elected to tin* position of rector of the academy at Sura (once held i>y .slii) but for Ihcslnilegy of liis friend Mar b. Ashi ('Pabyomi). wlio considiiccl himself entitled to the honor of lilling the seat formerly ciccupiecl by
AIJA OF IRAK:
Babylonian, who isallcged to have invented llie A.s.syrian or Babylonian (superlinear) system of vowel-points and accents (lipj). He is known otily from Karaite sources, which arc somewhal unreliable. Pinskcr (** Likkute Kadmortiyot ") thinks .ha is idenlical wilh Nissi ben N'oali, Ihecontcinporarv of Anan and (Jraelz partly follows that opinion. But later investigators have proved that Nissi (if he cxisIcmI at all) must have lived in the thirtcctilh ccdilury; his idcnlily wilh Aha is, therefcdc. out of Ihe t|iiestion. FUrst places Aha in the ..
lirst
half of the .sixth century, and thinks he may be with the Saborean Aha bai .blnihu, who
identiciil
died in
"/1 1.
nini.locitl.H'llv
Filrst,
Gtuch. d. Ktirilirl.
I.
I.'..
I.Cl;
Gott-
loher. :*N'>,-'-i .-i-i-'» r->V3 : Fninkl. CmircTiiiiiy .vdii/Ki I'tiinkrr. In lln-SlMlfiir. vlll.; Harkuvy, jN'o(« d. Hit llcl.nw i-iKIInn tif Urilti, IKiKli. <l. Judcii, III.: Jctv. Uuart. lUv. I.
24:t.
I'.
A^A
ISAAC:
Wi.
P.deslinian nmorn of the lliird gciicnition (fcnirtli century), junior c-onteinpnAmi I., and Abba (Bn) b. Maniol niry of Zcira I.. Speaking of the ghiries (Ver. Shab. iii. U</, vi. 8.().
B.
.V
