Al-Harizi
THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDU.
AUbi
portion rimi'swilli ihv Hebrew throughout: the Aramaic portions liave one rime, ami that a two-sylkibled one, niaintained throughout the whole
The Arabic
BU)I.ioi;rapiiv ts
Alharizi seems to have been a man of brilliant qualities, but a prey possibly to his impatience due to Many of the better poems his trials and sufferings. those interpolated in the vurious inukainas betray a height of noble feeling which murks the true man Of his merits as a master of Hebrew of sentiment. Abraham b. versitication there can be no doubt. Isaac Bedersi (end of the thirteenth century), in his
—
—
IH441^(4).
Levi (Zunz. "Z. O." p. 4t>3). The poet Imnmiuiel of speaks in the preface to his " .Mal.iberot " (.Makam!l.s), with reverence of him who wrote poetry and composed parables " diverse each one from the other," such as " the ancients knew not " ami he jilaccd his poems, "taken with his sword and with his bow," in the names of other men, although he alone composed them; in the name of Heber the Kenite thus he took in his hand " the rod " of his intelligence .
.
.
'AL
'AL
HET (NDn hv)
S.
M.
'
Wiililiii).
.
.
HET
^^
- $*:
ye
ha
zer
-
we'al
m'.
^tMZ
$
het Bhehatann
and "therewith performed
I
ka
lefa
the miracles." (The
be
words
in quotation-marks are Biblical phra.ses. in the mosaic style of writing then prevalent among Hebrew scholars.) In his twenty-eighth makama, he places
Alharizi in
paradise,
in
the
choice
Maimonides and Mattathias, the high Ilasmoncans. The following
company
of
priest of the
the
list
of his writings:
Commentarv on Job (Zunz. p. "Tahkemoni "; (3) "Sefer'Anak " (The Necklace), an imitation of Mo,ses ibn Ezra's work of the same name (Zunz, in " Allg. Zeit. d. Jud." 1839, Original works; (1)
work. "Se'fer Goralot" (Book of Refuat Oewiyah"(Healing of the Body), a
p. 388); (4) a small
(T))
••
poem on
dietetics (Steinschneider, "Monats-schrift," 1846, p. 279; Zunz, "Z. d." p. 213); (6) an introduction to the Hebrew language (see Neubauer,
"Notice sur
-
Lexicographic Hebrai(iue," p. 208). From the Arabic (1) Maimonides' Mishnab Commentary "Zcraim." (2) Maimonides' "Morcli Nebtikini " published by L. Schlo.ssberg, London, 18ol, with notes by Schcyer. (3) Makamat Al-Hariri (Hariri's Makamas), under the Hebrew title "Mahberot Ilhiel," ed. C'hennery, London, 1872. From the Greek (4) Aristotle's " Ethics" and " Politics"; reprinted in Leipsic. 1844. Graefz (^.c note) mentions likewise (5) a translation of an essay by Galen against speedy interment, and (6) of a gynecological treatise by Sheshct Benveniste ("Segulah le-Harayon " see also Kampf ii. 26) and (7) " Sefer ha-Nefesh" (Book on the Sotil), also ascribed to "Galen, the prince of physicians," but translated from the Arabic (published by Jellinek. Leipsic, la
—
Translations;
—
.
(8) " >[usare ha-Filosofiin" (Dicta of the Phi-
losophers) done from Greek into Arabic ,
Isaac.
by Honain
-
lo
yo
de
'im.
-
Sephardic usiige, only one sin is mentioned for each letter, but among the Ashkenazim two sins are enumerated under each, the forniula for the .second being. "And for the sin." etc. This confession is inserted in each "'Amidah" of the Day of Atonement and its repetition, with the exception of the "
Xe'ilah."
Among theSephardiman
abbreviated form is used in the repetition. According to northern custom the confession is chantc'd at length in a minor key. and is broken into four sec-
O
tions by the prayer. " For all these. God of forgiveness, forgive us. pardon us, grant us remission!" The interruption is marked by the emiiloyment of a special chant for the preceding couplet, the same strain being elsewhere used in the penitential prayers, and. singularly enough, also for the responsive formula inviting the company at table to join in the grace after meals. The music is as above. F. L. C.
ALI
yode'im ube
closing itrayer. is
213); (2) the
ben
tninslaliHl
The longer confession of sin each sentence of which begins with the formula. "Forgive us for the sin we have commit." the particular sins then ted before Thee in being enumerated in alphalx-tical order. lu the (
batann lefaDeka be
she
het.
•Al
DE
F.
^^
1^
were
iMirtlons of the T(i/i/ifHioMi
Rome
Some
Into Latin by t're (London, 1772): liito French by Sllveslre de Saey (Purls, IKHl: and lnt<i EnKllsh by F. <le Sola Mendes in Joic. (Virrm. London, 1K7:|. For Alharizl's wmtrlbutlon to the lltunry, see Zunz, Lilcrnturiii.tth. n. 471 roncemlnir his Journey, see Kamluka, In Monatsuchrift, IDUO. pp. 217~2S0.
"Hereb Hamithapeket " (Flaming Sword), mentions him together with Gabirol. Ibn Ezra, und .ludah ha-
1852).
The fuilf.sl uiiil itvsl iiminHlHliou of A)luirlzl yicht-Anilalttj<i/trhc I'ttcitic AmialuMitcher
Kiiiiipf'a
DU-htcr. Pnitrup. invt; Altu. '/-tit. il.Juil. IKIT, New. HI, stl; 183H, No. 7: KralTI, Jllil. .s.iyf ii, .Ansluuh, l««l; LilcraturLelireclit, ihid. hlatt ile» Orunt!<. IHii. .New. ». 11, li, 13, U 1S4.'), p. 4:1 Ziiiiz, Z. H. iip. ii:t t( «<<(.; Dukes, (linze Orfiml. IXA; MiiiiiiU,hrift. 1S4«. p. OT: liriliz. (.ibc/i. d. Juikn, vli, h:J; steinsclineidtT, }Uhi frhcrx.^ see index. The Tttltkt'miini hus been fn-quenlly etlilwl (.'onitlanUnople^ l.WI), l.ifc!. .instenlam, IT^i. Vienna, im."). Berlin (purtonlvi, 1S4.1. I>v Liwinie In IS."*;!. Kainlnka, IMM): hut "n this lust, «« adverse crilirlsin In /.fit. f. Helir. Jlilil. ill. and Iv. The IkTlin etiUlDn il.'U.">( was made by Kilnipf, who revised, annotated, and vtwjillzecl the text, and Ininslattnl It lnl«» (ierman. A Frenrl) imnslatlon was made by t'aminly (Hnissels,
poem.
Lots)
In
892
B.
ABRAHAM AL-TAWIL
Karaite
scholar; flourished at Ilandeh. Egypt, in the twelfth century. He was the author of a commentary on the Bible, no longer extant. Indeed, his very name remained unknown until recently, when it was brought to the attention of scholars by the publication, by G. Margoliouth. of Al-Hiti's chronicle, which mentions AH among the Karaite doctors of the twelfth century.
BiBLIOGRAPnT
Margoliouth, in Jew. Quart. Rev.
Ix. 434. I.
Alil
HA-LEVI BEN SOLOMON
B.
Gaon; head
of the acailcmy at 15agdad in the first half of the twelfth century. His name occurs in an old Arabic responsum (Harkavy, " Rcsponsen der Geonim," p.
