Altar Alt-Ofen
THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA
469
Hetn-tlifcher ArcMloliigie. ItW: Benzlntrer's Hehr. Arch.. IWH: Greene, Helirew Ruck Alliun In BiliUinl H'urW, l,v.
'J^
et acq.
O. A. B.
ALTAR, JONAS (JONATHAN HA-LEVI) ]!uliciiii:ui nililii;
(ioltsclijeiiikau.
.Manli 'J."), isri."), in irprcscntcd the striclcst or
La FumiUe dc Jncnh. xlv, 1873; Bulletin <k r Alliance Ixrcu'lili rnircrsilh. .No. a). IWIH; (ilnzliurg. hcltir, 11. LettfTs fn'iu Berlin imd Lelpsieof Wolf Uosenthal to til-ti:i: Lchct -Inifiriin, Ills hntther Letin ftosemlml, Nos. .'>!»,
cnlliMtlon of articles, I'eterebiirif,
pamphlet jiulilislicd in Prague in WHS. Inn Vecmatan," in wliieli lie
tliodoxy as cviilenccd by
Aaron
liis
supplement to Ha-JIeliz.'
>p.
si, KJ, St.
Itft-'J.
iM>lctni(al
Cliurin. entitled. " MetilHislict iideavoi-s to prove the reliirioiis necessity of keepinjr airaiiist"
school for Jewish children at Mui-seilles. BiBI-iiiiiRAPHV:
linru 17.V>, diid
He
gion of Honor, and helped with Marini to found a
H. R.
ALTARAS, MOSES: An Italian rabbi of the sixtieiilh
and .siventeenth centuries; known as the au-
I
He wrote also a ihe head covered diirinir prayers. number of articles for the weekly "Zionswiichter." K. T. edited by Enoch.
ALTAR, MEIR HA-LEVI born
in (^illsch .li-nikuu. I'.oheinia,
lie iraiislalcil into
in INtiS,
I
INKi; died there the Yozerot or
German
Sabbath readinir, |mblished by K. T. Prague, ll!'3U.
liluririial pieeis for
.M
Son of precedin-
I.anchui,
ALTARAS
A
'
bro de Mantenimiento de la Alma," Salonica. I0B8; Venice. IIJO'J and 1713. It was written for the use of the Maranos who could not reail Helirew. According to Steinschneider. Altanis was merely the patron of the work, which was actually written by a man named Meir, otherwise unknown. BiHLioiiRAPiiY linpr, liihl.
name
variously spelled .DX1U -inSD .yXISD ii'xl L'nt3- It is not certain whclher this is the Siinie name as that borne by the
tliorof a translation into Juda'o-Spanish (but in Latin characters) of the Shulhan 'Aruk under the title "' Li-
family
Kayser-
steinschneider. Cat. Bixll. col.
Efii.-Piirt.
Jud.
p. 11,
D.
Spanish Karaite. Sidi ibn al Tanis (DXiriPX*. author of a work containing the opinions of Abu Alfaraj. Allaras is mentioned by Abraham ibn laud ("Sefer " .M<ili:eval Jew. Xeiiliauer, in lia Kabbalah "; Chron." i. 79) an<l by Joseph ben Zaddik, in Xeu liauer, //».. p. !Ki see also Schreiner. "Jesehua' ben I
ALTARAS, SOLOMON eiglileriiih ras.
edited
Venetian rabbi of the cinluiy. pmbably the son of David Alta-
among
other
worksa
collection of pnij'ers
under the title "iDIXn t3pS (A Collection of Praj'crs and Hymns), Venice, 1718. BIBLIOCRAPIIV
scbnelder, fa(,
Beniacob, 0?<ir fta-Sc/arim,
BiM.
p,
270; Sleln-
col. 3(M),
D.
.bhuilah,"in " Program of tlu' lierlin Lehranstalt ilie Wissenschaft des Judeuthums, 190U," p. iJ). Bun.loiiRAPIIV: StelnahnelUer,
In
Jrrv. (junrl. /d
f llr
G.
who lli.uri'-hed at Venice, the short Hebrew gnmnnarin He edited a daily till- cpiarto Bible (Venice, 167.V7H). prayer-b(iok (Venice. KiUti) and a vo<ali/.ed edition of the .Mishnah with short notes. Venici I7."if>-fi(l. His will is iirinled under the title t^•3^ f|1V "ISD, Venice, niblii
ami
edilc.r
He wrote
lt'>7.">-1714.
Ancient
fortified city in the
diiiliy ol liadin, Germany; the scene of Jewish ]iersecution. In the fourteenth century, when the black death devastated the world (1348-.5I), this city, like that of .Mayence, was the scene of a fearful massacre of the Jews, who were falsely accused of poisoning the public wells and thus causing the pestilence. The total population in 1900 was 3,000, of
grand r. xi. IIS,
ALTARAS, DAVID BEN SOLOMON: An Italian
ALT-BREISACH
whom
about fifteen
The community maintains benevolent foundations, and two sick-benefit
4.')0
were Jews.
associations.
1714. Salfeld, Afarfi/nilDflium d. Iflimlicrger 3Ieiiuirlmchen. p. 2«4. Berlin, 1898; Heoker. Epidemiol iif the ed. Sydenham Society, e.v.
BiBi.iooRAPHV: Villi
4TST,
SIrmilen, tit. p. TWill
(list
nuiulhmlt. S<:
iif
Cnl.Thlir.
/?iji*k /}n(. .Uii>. p. .548 SleinschneliliT, i'ttt. limll. N(»s. wiirk.s edited bv hlmi; idem, liihtiuur.
Iliiii.KiiiKArilv: Zedncr,
ALTARAS, JACaUES ISAAC and
born
French
sliip-
.leppo. Syria, 7!^(). anil dieil at Ai. (l)i paitnient of Bouches in du Phone. Knince). Jan. 30, 1m7:1 He was the son of a rabbi in Palestine, and left Jerusjilem in 1806 to eniragi' in business in Marseilles asa ship-builder trapliiliuil lirojiisl
in
1
ding with Ihi' Levant, in which he was sui-cessful. In the middle of the century a project was started to assist Hiissian Ji vs to emii.'rale lo .Mireria. then reieiilly con(|Ucred by France. Allaras took up the idea with zeal. and arnierl with lettiTsof inlrodiiction from (Jui/.cd and with promisesof support fioni many
Jews, he sUirled for .S|. Pctersliurir. in intending to petition tin' czar to allow 40,0110 Jewish families to emignite from Russia to Algeria, but he was promptly informed by tli<' minister of foreii;n alTiiirs. Count Xes.selroile. that he had laid the matter before the czar, and that his iip|>licalion could only be supported on conililion of an advance payment of about sixty riililes in taxes and lines for each family, in confonnily with the Hussian laws, which do not allow the I{iissian subjecis to leave .Vltanis considen'd llies<' till' country for lifetime. dilliculties insunnounlable. and thus the project was aliandoned. .Mtanis was president of ihe Marseilles Consistory for thirty years, and a knight of the Leinlluential lN4(i.
F. H. V.
X,.
n.
liiiililer
Middle Auex.
11.:
ALTENKUNSTADT. See Bcrkcxst.uit. ALTENKUNSTADT, JACOB (KOPPEL) BEN ZEBI ilsih.wn al-.;i- Koppel Harif); Kabbi erbo, Hungary; lived in the lirsi halt of the He wrote " I.Iiddushe Vabe/, " nineteenth ceiiturv. (novella) on the Talmudic treati.se Hulliii. Pressburg. Is;i7. which, as the author states in his introduction, is an extract from a more exhaustive s<'ries of novelhe written by him on the whole Talmud
at
BiBl.loiiRAPHV
steinschneider. Cat. Binll. eo. UHI; Walilen, Itc-Uadcieh, II, iS.
Shcm ha-lJedMm
I.
ALT NEXT SYNAGOGUE, PRAGUE. ALT-OFEN (Hungarian; oBuda. ;>31N)
Bu. See
PiiAi.n:
.
Old
HuiiL'arian ily. now incorporated in Hudapest as the third ilislricl. The earlier liistory of the Jews in AltOfen begins with the twelfth century and ends with l."i41, when the Turks obtained i>oss<s.sioii of Jews probably settled at Ofen at the time the cilv. of the Crusades, when so many lied from Oemiany The first certain information about into Hungarv. the Jews in .Ul Ofen is of Ihe year 1217. when Isjiac ben Moses of Vii'iina, the author of "Or Zarua," mentions that the Jews of Ofen (meaning All Ofen) submitted the i|Ueslion to him. whether the warm 1
