CH. XXX.]
POWERS OF CONGRESS—TERRITORIES.
185
of the revolution it was not only perceived, that from the acknowledged extent of the territory of several of the states, and its geographical position, it might be expedient to divide it into two states; but a much more interesting question arose, to whom of right belonged the vacant territory appertaining to the crown at the time of the revolution, whether to the states, within whose chartered limits it was situated, or to the Union in its federative capacity. This was a subject of long and ardent controversy, and (as has been already suggested) threatened to disturb the peace, if not to overthrow the government of the Union.
[1] It was upon this ground, that several of the states refused to ratify the articles of confederation, insisting upon the right of the confederacy to a portion of the vacant and unpatented territory included within their chartered limits. Some of the states most interested in the vacant and unpatented western territory, at length yielded to the earnest solicitations of congress on this subject.
[2] To induce them to make liberal cessions, congress declared, that the ceded territory should be disposed of for the common benefit of the Union, and formed into republican states, with the same rights of sovereignty, freedom, and independence, as the other states; to be of a suitable extent of territory, not less than one hundred, nor more than one hundred and fifty miles square; and that the reasonable expenses incurred by the state, since the commencement of the war, in subduing
Brit-
- ↑ 2 Pitk. Hist. ch. 11, p. 17, 19, 24, 27, 28, 29 to 32; id. 32 to 36; 1 Kent's Comm. Lect. 10, p. 197, 198. See also 1 Secret Journals of Congress in 1775, p. 368 to 386; id. 433 to 438; id. 445, 446.
- ↑ 1 Tuck. Black. Comm. App. 283, 284, 285, 286; 2 Pitkin's Hist. ch. 11, p. 33 to 36; 1 U. S. Laws, (Duane & Bioren's Edition,) p. 467, 472; ante vol. I, § 227, 228.
vol. iii.24
