AN ARRANGEMENT OF THE BRITISH WILLOWS. 361
g'tles, Alhe, and Triaudree is often permanent, the catkins being separately detaclied. Hence arise the short leafy branches, often seen in the sum- mer, having buds in the axils, from which the catkins have fallen. Peduncles with buds in the axils may be expected not to be caducous. The Penlandrne may l)e distinguished from the Frcujiles by the petioles, which are glandular above, and the glandular serratures in the lower part of the leaf, a character rarely seen in the Fragile^ or Triandrre. The AUite differ in the ciliated leaves of the peduncle. The young leaves iu all are inflexed. The nectary in the PeiUdndrce, Albre, Frai/'den, and Triandrm is doidjle in the male, but only single in the female, according to my ob- servations. The nectary in the male of aS. alha-ccdrnlen is generally notched next the axis, and a single gland between the stamens and the scale. In S. cnspidata, male, E. Bot. §uppl., I find the nectary to be deeply notched next the axis, and sometimiis there are two or three next the scale, the whole forming a sort of cup, out of which spring the stamens. More- over, I see a remark in my notebook that in S. f'nujHU, S. alba, S. ctvrnlea, and *S^. cufpidata, male, E. Bot. Suppl., the nectary next the scale is seated rather higher than that next the axis. S. triandra, S. nudalala, S. cns- pidata, S. peniaudra are rather large shrubs than trees. Although the young leaves in FUis/illx, Uumort., Bab., are generally inflexed, yet in
- S'. hippo phaefoUa, Tluiil., usually placed among the Triandra:, the young
leaves are partly reflexed, — indicating, it would seem, some affinity with the Viniinales or with S. rubra, Hiids.
Section 2. Caprisalix, Duuiort. The characters which Professor Babington gives are in accordance with ray own observations.
Subsection 1. Helice. The young leaves in the Piirpuretx, Borr., are generally inflexed, except that in the male of S. rubra, Huds., they are somewhat reflexed, as in S. hippophacfoUa, Thuil., above noticed. The nectary in the Pnrpuj-ere and P^imittales is single, both in the male and female, and placed as Professor Babington describes.
Subsection 2. Vimen. I And the stamens free and the nectary some- what elongated. The young leaves are (piite rolled back or reflexed at the niargia. The peduncle in Caprinalix, Dumort., is not persistent. In Fiminahs the stipules are generally narrow and often absent. In -S". stipiilaris, Sm., the broad-pointed stipules almost, if they do not (pntc, eqiud the petiole. In S. Sniithlaua, E. Bot., the stipules are narrow lunate; the leaves ovate, elongato-lanceolate. In -S". Siuilhiaini, VVilld., the leaves are more oblong; the stipules broader and the [mbesceuce coarser and less silky beneath.
Subsection 3. Vetrix, Dumort. i. Caprcfp,. The nectary is single, the peduncle is, I think, not persistent, and the vernation is dilfercnt, 1 bi'lieve, from that of the PurpuretB. In the Purpurefe the young leaves are inllcxcd at the margin; whereas, in S. ciiierea, S. anrila, L., .S*. acumiialn, Sm., they are distinctly reflexed, especially in the lower half; not so, I suspect, iu S. caprca, L. The style of S. actDiiinala, Sm., is much longer than iu the other Cinerere. The style in them is very short, the pedicel veyy long. In the Phylicifolim and Niyrinaides, on the other hand, the style and pedicel are both elongated. The stipules in the Niyricaida are usually hirger, more acute and conspicuous than in the hicohres. In Mr. Babington's group " vireiites,'" the leaves are far from being always smooth; but the pubescence, though often present on the under si<le, is ditterent from that of the Ci/u^rete, and the young leaves are mostly in-
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