Page:Judson Burmese Grammar.djvu/27

From Wikisource
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This page has been proofread, but needs to be validated.
parts of speech—adjectives.
25

their nouns ; but အများ, from များ to be many, follows the general rule, as အများသောဆရာ, or ဆရာအများ, many teachers.

§93. The imperfect degree of comparison is sometimes made by shortening and reduplicating the verbal root, as ချို့ချို့, sweetish, from ချို, to be sweet, ခခ, bitterish, from ခါး, to be bitter; sometimes, by affixing ခပ်, to the root reduplicated, or reduplicated and shortened, as ခပ်ဆိုးဆိုး, rather bad; and sometimes by affixing reduplicated chiming increments, having for an initial to the root in its natural state or shortened, to express a slight degree of the quality, as ချိုတိုတို, or ချို့တို့တို့, slightly sweetish.

§94. The comparative degree is made, by means of the secondary noun အထက်, or အောက်, and verb, as အိမ်​ထက်​ကြီး​သည်, to be greater than the house, or by a circumlocution of verbs, as သာ​၍​ကြီး​သည်, to exceed in greatness, or be greater.

§95. The superlative degree is made, by prefixing အ, and affixing ဆုံး to the verbal root, as အမြတ်ဆုံး, most excellent; and is joined to nouns according to the general rule, as အမြတ်​ဆုံး​သာ​လူ, or လူ​အမြတ်​ဆုံး, the most excellent man.

numeral adjectives.

§96. Numerals are generally combined with a word descriptive of some quality in the noun to which they belong, and in that state are joined to nouns according to the general rule.

§97. If the numeral is less than ten, the auxiliary word is affixed to it (the formative အ, whenever it occurs, being dropped), as ခွက်​နှစ်လုံး, or နှစ်​လုံး​သော​ခွက်, two cups, from ခွက်, a cup, နှစ်, two, and အလုံး, round; if it is a capital number, as ten, twenty, thirty, two hundred, three hundred, &c., the auxiliary is prefixed to it, as ခွက်​အ​လုံး​နှစ်​ဆယ်, or အလုံး​နှစ်​ဆယ်​သော​ခွက်, twenty cups; and if it is a numeral, intervening between the capitals, the auxiliary is both prefixed and affixed, as ခွက်​အ​လုံး​နှစ်​ဆယ်​နှစ်​လုံး, or အလုံး​နှစ်​ဆယ်​နှစ်​လုံး​သော​ခွက်, twenty-two cups. But in any case in which the auxiliary is prefixed, it may be omitted, as ဆရာ​အ​ပါး​နှစ်​ဆယ်, or အပါး​နှစ်​ဆယ်​သော​ဆ​ရာ, twenty teachers, may be written ဆရာ​နှစ်​ဆယ်, or နှစ်​ဆယ်​သော​ဆ​ရာ, and ဆရာ​အ​ပါး​နှစ်​ဆယ်​နှစ်​ပါး, or အပါး​နှစ်​ဆယ်​နှင့်​ပါး​သော​ဆ​ရာ, twenty-two