Cite as 351 Ark. 31 (2002)
[23] The State's argument, boiled down to its essence, is that the plain language of Article 14, § 1, does not mandate the chancery court's order of State-provided, early-childhood education. We agree. Section 1 reads in pertinent part that the General Assembly and public school districts "may spend public funds for the education of persons over twenty-one (21) years of age and under six (6) years of age, as may be provided by law, and no other interpretation shall be given to it."
In its order, the trial court found:
7. Three facts were uncontroverted at trial: 1) A substantial number of our children are entering kindergarten and first grade significantly behind their peers; 2) Those children that enter the first grades needing remediation will have a difficult time performing at grade level by the third grade; and 3) If a student cannot perform at grade level, especially in reading, by the third grade, then he is unlikely to ever do so. The only possible conclusion is that in order to provide our children with an adequate education as required by the Constitution and ACTAPP, the State must forthwith provide programs for those children of preschool, age that will allow them to compete academically with their peers. The urgency of this need equals that of the deficiency in teacher salaries.
Later in its opinion, the trial court wrote that forming remedies was not the role of the courts, and courts should not proclaim remedies unless all else fails. The trial court concluded that "for now" these matters are "left to the legislature."
[24] But aside from the fact that Article 14 does not require early childhood education and leaves that matter to the General Assembly, the trial court could not order the implementation of pre-school programs in any event. That is a public-policy issue for the General Assembly to explore and resolve. It is elementary that the powers of our state government are divided into three separate branches of government. See Ark. Const. art. 4, § 1. The state constitution further provides that one branch of government shall not exercise the power of another. See Ark. Const. art. 4, § 2.
