the Palais Royal, the residence of the Duke of Orleans,
was the centre of an active organisation. Since the king
had proved himself incompetent, helpless, and insincere,
men had looked to the Duke as a popular prince of
the Blood, who was also wealthy and ambitious, and might
avail to save the principle of monarchy, which Lewis had
discredited. His friends clung to the idea, and continued
to conspire in his interest after the rest of the world had been repelled by the defects of his character. For a
moment they thought of his son, who was gifted for that
dangerous part as perfectly as the father was unfit, but
his time was to be in a later generation.
The leading men in the Assembly knew their position with accuracy, and did not exaggerate the danger they were in. On July 10 their shrewd American adviser, Morris, wrote: "I think the crisis is past without having been perceived; and now a free Constitution will be the certain result." And yet there were 30,000 men, commanded by a marshal of France, ready for action; and several regiments of Swiss, famed for fidelity and valour, and destined, in the same cause, to become still more famous, were massed in Paris itself under Besenval, the trusted soldier of the Court.
On July 8, breaking through the order of debate, Mirabeau rose and the action began the action which changed the face of the world, and the imperishable effects of which will be felt by every one of us, to the last day of his life. He moved an address to the king, warning him that, if he did not withdraw his troops, the streets of Paris would run blood; and proposing that the preservation of order should be committed to a civic guard. On the following day the Assembly voted the address, and on the 10th the Count de Clermont Tonnerre, at the head of a deputation, read it to the king. On the morning of Saturday, 11th, his reply was communicated to the Assembly. He had had three days to hasten his military preparations. At Paris, the agitators and organisers employed the time in arranging their counter measures.
