shall be taken over without compensation, turned into the property of the entire people, and placed at the disposal of all who till them for use. Those who have suffered by this revolution in the property relations shall only be entitled to public support for such time as may be needed for their adaptation to the new conditions of life.
2. All the wealth that is below the surface, such as ore, oil, coal, salt, etc., as well as forests and waters which have a national importance, shall be placed in the hands of the State for its exclusive use. All the smaller rivers, lakes, woods, etc., are placed at the disposal of the communes, provided they are managed by the local organs of self-government.
3. Landed plots of high cultural value, such as orchards, plantations, nurseries, seed plots, hot-houses, etc., shall not be broken up and divided, but shall be preserved as model farms under the exclusive management of the State or commune, as suits their size and importance. Lands under dwelling houses, urban and rural, with the gardens and vegetable gardens belonging to them, shall be left in the use of their present owners, the size of such lands and the amount of tax to be paid for their use being fixed by subsequent legislation.
4. Studs, cattle-breeding and poultry farms, whether belonging to the State or to private individuals, shall become the property of the entire people under the management of the State or commune, as suits their size and importance. The question of compensation in such cases is reserved for the Constituent Assembly.
5. The entire farm property to be confiscated, i.e., the live and dead stocks, shall be placed under the charge of the State or commune as the case may be, according to their size and importance, for their exclusive use, without any compensation. Peasants possessing insufficient amounts of land are not affected by the above provision regarding confiscating of farm properties.
6. The right to use the land shall be given to all citizens, regardless of sex, of the Russian State, who desire to work it by their own hands, that is, by the labour of their respective families or on co-operative principles, for such periods only as they are able to do so. Hired labour is not permissible. Should a member of a village community become disabled for a period not exceeding two years, the said village community shall, pending his recovery, assist him by arranging for the tillage of his land by means of public labour. Agriculturists who, through old age or permanent incapacity, should permanently cease to be able to work their lands, shall forfeit the right to use them, but shall receive a State pension instead.
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