every artifice to draw into their own purſes monies from all parts of Europe. The weak Ina, one of the tyrants of the Saxon Heptarchy in England, was the firſt Monarch that ſubmitted, in his pilgrimage to Rome, to pay St. Peter's penny (equivalent very near to a French crown) for every houſe in his dominions. The whole Iſland ſoon follow'd his example; England became inſenſibly one of the Pope's provinces, and the holy Father us'd to ſend from time to time his Legates thither to levy exorbitant taxes. At laſt King John deliver'd up by a public inſtrument, the Kingdom of England to the Pope, who had excommunicated him; but the Barons not finding their account in this reſignation, dethron'd the wretched King John and ſeated Lewis, father to St. Lewis King of France in his place. However they were ſoon weary of their new Monarch, and accordingly oblig'd him to return back to France.
Whilst that the Barons, the Biſhops, and the Popes, all laid waſte England, where all were for ruling; the moſt nu-
