GLOSSARY OF GREEK TERMS
παλιγγενεσία, XI. 1; cp. VII. 19. The Stoic theory was that everything repeated itself in periodic cycles, when the world was renewed again after each conflagration (see ἐκπύρωσις and under Heraclitus); cp. Chrysippus, περὶ προνοίας, there will be another Socrates to live the same life again"; and Seneca, Ep. 36. 10, "veniet iterum qui nos in lucem reponat dies." But whether Marcus believed in this dismal theory is very doubtful, cp. X. 31.
παράταξις. opposed line in battle, so opposition, not obstinacy (XI. 3) III. 3; VIII. 48. See also p. 381.
πεῖσις )( ἐνέργεια. V. 1, a passive condition antecedent to a κίνησις in the case of the body, corresponding to an ἐνέργεια of the mind, III. 6; V. 26; VI. 51; VII. 55; IX. 16
περίοδοι, V. 13,32; x. 7. See παλιγγενεσία
πνεῦμα = ἄνεμος, II. 2; the surrounding air, IX. 2; the inferior part of the ψυχὴ as distinct from νοῦς, IV. 3; it and its motion quite distinct from the διάνοια, IV. 3. Marcus does not seem to use the word in the sense of Atmospheric Current unless XII. 30 affords an instance.
πνεύματα, what remains of things when ουσία, ψυχή, and νοερὰ ψυχὴ are subtracted, XII. 30
πνευματικόν,τό, the Soul (= τὸ πνευμάτιον) of which the πνεῦμα or breath element at death goes back into τὸ ἀερῶδες, and the νοῦς into τὸ πυρῶδες, IV. 4; Χ.7 ; XI. 20
πνευμάτιον, τό = (1) ψυχή (Soul) in its lower sense (σῶμα, πνευμάτιον, νοῦς, XII. 14) II. 2; VIII. 56; IX, 36; XII. 3, 14; (2) ψυχή in its higher sense, including the vous, V. 26. 33; VI. 14; IX. 8, 34; XII. 30; the enveloping body and the πνευμάτιον that has grown with its growth, XII. 3; the vital breath which will be quenched or transferred elsewhere, VIII. 25; the sphere of it and the body outside our power, v. 33; unstable like all matter, IX. 36; burdened with the body, IX. 24. See under ψύχωσις
ποιότης, τὸ ποιόν, the property, quality, or form of a thing (almost the Cause which makes it what it is, IX. 25); τὸ ἰδίως ποιόν, separate individuality, VI. 3; IX. 25; X. 7; XII. 30
πολιτικός, mostly = κοινωνικός. See κοινός
προαιρεσις, free will or choice. See under ἀπροαίρετα
προαιρετικόν, τό (= τὸ ἡγεμονικόν), the faculty of choice, VIII. 56 προηγούμενον, τό, the leading or cardinal thing, VII. 55; VIII. 49; IX. 41. Marcus does not use the Stoic expression τὰ προηγμένα things preferential
πρόληψις = a primary conception possessed by all rational beings, Chrysippus in Diog. Laert. vii 53 (έννοια φυσικὴ τῶν καθ' όλου). Perceptions (φαντασίαι) resulting from sensation (αίσθησις) produce impressions (τυπώσεις) which repeated form memory and many memories make experience which gives us conceptions (προλήψεις)
σκεδασμός, σκορπισμός (cp. διάλυσις), a disintegration of things into their component atoms (VI. 24; VII. 32: VIII. 25) or elements. See under Dispersion and Dissolution
σκοπός (or τέλος, V. 15, 16), the end or objective of life, II. 16; VII. 4; XI. 6, 21; to which every ὁρμὴ and φαντασία should be directed, II. 7. See under Aim, Objective
σπερματικὸς λόγος (see under λόγος), IV. 14, 21; VI. 24; IX. 1 ad fin. = the Generative Reason, because the Primary Fire or Reason contains in it the Germs of all things. The σπερμ. λόγοι are the creative and forming forces in Nature which have produced (1) the Universe as a whole, and (2) individual things individually. Justin, Apol. ii. 8. 13, applies the Stoic term to Christ
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