OLl OLERON. Les Roles d'Olcron. The most generally known edition of the laws of Oleron, is by Clei- rac, in his Cs et Coutumes de la Mer, etc., but the most complete edition is by Pardossus, in the Culkdion de Lois Marilimes, etc. Cleirac took his text from a book composed by Garcie de Ferrande, known under the title of Grnnd Roulier de la Mer, first printed in 1542. Tbe latter was translated into English by W. Copland, under the title of The Rutler of the Sen, &:c., reprinted in Godulphiii's View of the Mmiralty, but the com- mon translations are from Cleirac, and are found in Malyncs' Lex Mer- catoria, in the S'ea Laws, and in vol. 1 Peters' Mmiralty Decisions. Mr. Reddie and IM. Pardessus have shown that the articles composing the Roles d'Oleron did not originate at the same time, and that Selden', Coke, Jenkins, and Blackstone, are mistaken in ascribing their compila- tion to Richard I. who is said to have stopped at the island of Oleron upon his return from Palestine, and there composed and first promulgated these laws. Their early adoption in England is certainly known, and the additions there of some new articles, perhaps as early as Richard I. and not later than Henry III. probably gave origin to the common opinion of their entire composition by Richard himself. The author or authors of this ancient collection of sea laws is unknown, but it doubtless origi- nated upon the western coast of France before 1'2G6, as an attested MS. of this date still exists. The wisdom and equitable provisions of this ancient Code of maritime law, attracted the attention of most European nations, who formally or silently adopted its provisions as a part of their Admiralty law. Alphonso X incorporated it into the Partidas ; in the reign of Edw. III. (1375), it was declared to be the law according to which the Admiralty determines disputes in England and its authority is recognized in the Admiralty Courts of the United States. Red. Mar. Com. 207,341,413,419; 1 Pardcs. Col. 283 ; (4) 193; (5) 231; 3 Kent, 12; 1 Peters' Ad. Dec. 112, 157; 2 Halls, L. J. 359; 1 Camp- bell's Lives, 117 ; Prynne on 4th Inst. 108. OLIVER, B. L. Practical Conveyancing; being a Selection of Forms of General Utility, with Notes interspersed. 4th edition, corrected and enlarged by P. Oliver. 8vo. Hallowell. 1845. This work is highly esteemed as a concise and accurate collection of forms, and for the excellent explanatory notes accompanying them. Tbe last edition is considerably improved, and is undoubtedly the best Amer- ican Manual upon Conveyancing in use. 8 L. R. 331. . Forms of Practice, or American Precedents in Actions, Personal and Real, with Annotations. 8vo. Boston. 1841. This is an enlarged and improved edition of the American Precedents, which was originally compiled by B. Pelham. 547
