the late Frederick W. Robertson," 1865; "Theology in the English Poets," 1874; "Primer of English Literature;" and four vols. of "Sermons," 1868–77. In 1880 he seceded from the Church of England, his reason for this step being that he had ceased to believe that miracles were credible, and that, since the Established Church founded its whole scheme of doctrine on the miracle of the Incarnation, disbelief in that miracle put him outside the doctrines of the Church.
BROOME, Frederick Napier, C.M.G., son of the late Rev. F. Broome, rector of Adderly, Shropshire, was born in Canada in 1842, and emigrated to Canterbury, New Zealand, in 1857. Visiting England in 1864, he married Lady Barker, returned to his "sheep station" in New Zealand the following year, but in 1869 came back to England. Almost immediately on his arrival in London, Mr. Napier Broome was employed by the Times, and was for five years one of the special correspondents of that journal, which he represented in Russia at the marriage of the Duke of Edinburgh. He has held the posts of Secretary to the Committee for the completion of St. Paul's Cathedral, also to the Royal Commission on Unseaworthy Ships. He has contributed prose and verse to the Cornhill, Macmillan, and other magazines, and has published two volumes of poetry, "Poems from New Zealand," 1868, and "The Stranger of Scriphos," 1869. In February, 1875, Mr. Napier Broome was appointed Colonial Secretary of Natal, and in February, 1878, Colonial Secretary of the Island of Mauritius. He was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of the latter colony in August, 1880; and Governor of Western Australia in December, 1882. He was nominated a Companion of the Order of SS. Michael and George in 1877.
BROUGH, Lionel, comedian, was born at Pontypool, Monmouthshire, March 10, 1836, being the fourth son of Mr. Barnabas Brough, and a younger brother of the well-known comic authors, "The Brothers Brough." He was educated in the Grammar School, Manchester, and under Mr. W. Williams, of the Priory School, London. His first employment was in the humble capacity of office-boy to Mr. J. Timbs, in the Illustrated London News office, in Douglas Jerrold's time. Subsequently he published the first number of the Daily Telegraph, and for five years he was connected with the Morning Star. Going to Liverpool with other members of the Savage Club to give amateur theatrical performances in aid of the Lancashire Relief Fund, he achieved so decided a histrionic success that he was offered a regular engagement by Mr. A. Henderson, and accordingly made his first professional appearance at the Prince of Wales's Theatre at Liverpool in 1864. Since that date he has played the principal low-comedy characters in London and all through the provinces. He represented Tony Lumpkin, in "She Stoops to Conquer," for upwards of 200 nights. Mr. Brough was manager of Covent Garden Theatre for Mr. Dion Boucicault during the season in which "Babil and Bijou" was produced.
BROUGHTON, Miss Rhoda, a popular English novelist, born in or about 1837. Her principal works are:—"Cometh Up as a Flower," 1867; "Not Wisely, but Too Well," 1867; "Red as a Rose is She," 1870; "Goodbye, Sweetheart, Goodbye," 1872; "Nancy," 1873; "Tales for Christmas Eve," 1873, republished in 1879 under the title of "Twilight Stories;" "Joan," 1876; and "Second Thoughts," 1880.
BROWN, Ford Madox, a painter, by some considered to belong to the Pre-Raphaelite school, was born at Calais, of English parents, in 1821. He is grandson of Dr. John Brown, of Edinburgh,
