tus Porter, D.D., LL.D., born at Sheffield, Massachusetts, May 5, 1809. He graduated at Yale College in 1828; became tutor there in 1829, and subsequently a teacher in the Deaf and Dumb Asylums in Hartford and New York. From 1837 to 1848 he was Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, and afterwards, till 1854, of Chemistry, in the University of Alabama. In 1854 he became Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy in the University of Mississippi, of which he was elected President in 1856, and Chancellor in 1858. In 1854 he took orders in the Protestant Episcopal Church, and in 1861 resigned his Chancellorship and chair in the University of Mississippi. In 1864 he was chosen President of Columbia College, New York, a position which he still holds. In 1860 he was a member of the Astronomical Expedition to observe the total eclipse of the sun in Labrador, and was elected President of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. In 1862 he was engaged in the reduction of Gilliss's observations of the stars in the southern hemisphere, and in 1863 had charge of the publication of the charts and maps of the United States Coast Survey. In 1867 he was United States Commissioner to the Paris Exhibition. He is a member of various learned societies in Europe and America, and has received the honorary degrees of LL.D. (Jefferson College, 1855, Yale College, 1859), S.T.D. (University of Mississippi, 1861), and in 1872 that of Doctor of Literature from the Regents of the University of New York. He has published, "Treatise on Arithmetic," 1830; "Analytic Grammar," 1836; "Letters on Collegiate Government," 1855; "History of the United States Coast Survey," 1857; "Report on Machinery and Industrial Arts," 1869; "Recent Progress of Science," 1869; and "The Metric System," 1871. He has also contributed largely to scientific and educational journals. In conjunction with Professor Arnold Guyot, he edited Johnson's "Universal Cyclopædia," 1874–7.
BARNARD, Henry, LL.D., born at Hartford, Connecticut, Jan. 24, 1811; A.B. (Yale College), 1830. After extensive travel in the United States, he made a two years' tour of Europe (1835–37), giving special attention to educational institutions and methods. He was from 1837 to 1840 a member of the Connecticut Legislature, and carried through that body a complete reorganization of the common school system, and was for four years (1838–42) a member and secretary of the Board of Education created by it. Displaced by a political change in 1842, he spent more than a year in an extensive educational tour through the United States, with a view to the preparation of a History of Public Schools in the United States. He was called from the prosecution of this work to take charge of the public schools of Rhode Island; and after five years returned to Hartford, 1849. In 1850 a State Normal School was established in Connecticut, and he was appointed Principal, with the added duties of State Superintendent of Public Schools. After five years of severe labour he retired from this work, but soon commenced the publication of the American Journal of Education, Hartford, in 1855, which is still continued. He has been President of the American Association for the Advancement of Education, was elected in 1856 President and Chancellor of the University of Wisconsin, which office he resigned in 1859; was President in 1865–7 of the St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland, and United States Commissioner of the Department of Education in 1868–70. His contributions to educational literature have been so numerous, that but few of them can be mentioned here:—"Education in Factories,"
