computation, The dip, if any, of the layers must be noted, false-bedding looked out for, and especially in the clayey deposits any indications of bedding remarked. Specimens from each point must be collected. If in wooden boxes about 6in. by 4in. an average specimen of each deposit could he secured, it would be of service in comparing with other localities. The stones must be carefully examined for striations, and so also the rock surfaces below when exposed. If 100 stones are collected at random from any pit they should then be sorted according to their composition, and the proportions stated. Specimens of every variety must of course be secured for reference. Fossils must be carefully looked for. So far as I know, not one shell has yet turned up in the drift deposits of the midlands proper. Entire and large shells must not be hoped for, the smallest fragments will be acceptable, and the sand must be washed and examined microscopically for foraminifera, &c.
The large boulders will almost force themselves upon our attention. Good specimens of each measuring not less than 4in. by 8in. must be obtained, and every possible fact recorded about them. Much information may often be got from rustics and dwellers in the neighbourhood generally, and the ideas so elicited are often of the most racy description.
When an examination of the principal open sections has been completed in this way we shall be beginning to obtain some familiarity with our task, and must endeavour to connect our observations so as to make complete maps of the surface deposits, to connect, that is to say, the various exposures so as to show what deposits are present under grass-covered fields or wheat crops as well as in the gravel pits and brick pits which we can so easily examine. This is a point, however, which we can consider further on, only remembering in the meantime to make as many notes about water-supply and well sections as we can, It will be necessary to endeavour to identify the rocks of which boulders are composed so as to determine the direction in which the ice-sheet has travelled. For this purpose typical collections of Welsh rocks, of those of the Lake district, and of Charnwood Forest will be most useful. I shall be glad to forward to any one who is in want of them for this purpose a small collection of typical Charnwood specimens, and doubtless dwellers near other regions of hard and old rocks would also help in this way.
In a separate note book enter at the time as many particular as possible; omit nothing however insignificant, and let each point be visited more than once, and by different workers if possible. It will be found useful to have a small number book, containing sheets of numbers, say from 1 to 1,000, gummed and perforated, When a specimen of a boulder, &c., is obtained, let a number be at once gummed on it, whilst in the note book the same number is written down with full description of locality, I have found this the beat of many plans,
The apparatus required in addition to a map is not much. A geological hammer with a square head and belt with flap to carry it in; small compass, a little acid bottle to test for carbonate of lime, a good satchel or stout gamekeeper's bag, a clinometer, a pocket lens; all these are useful, but I have known a working man with a coal-pick do
