CHAPTER III.
THE COMMUNION OF GODS AND MEN.
[Greek: Eti toinyn kai thysiai pasai kai hois mantikê epistatei—tauta d'
estin hê peri theous te kai anthrôpous pros allêlous koinônia—ou
peri allo ti estin ê peri Erôtos phylakên te kai iasin.]
Plato, Symposium, p. 188.
The short sketch which has been given of the attitude of the
Greek peasantry towards the Christian Godhead and all the host
of assistant saints, and also the more detailed account of those
pagan deities or demons whom the common-folk's awe, not unmingled
with affection, has preserved from oblivion through so
many centuries, have, I hope, justified the statement that the
religion of Greece both is now, and—if a multitude of coincidences
in the very minutiae of ancient and modern beliefs speak at all
for the continuity of thought—from the dawn of Greek history
onward through its brief bright noontide to its long-drawn dusk
and night illumined even now only by borrowed lights has ever
been, a form, and a little changed form, of polytheism.
Whatever be the merits and the demerits of such a religion in contrast with the worship of one almighty God, most thinkers will concede to it the property of bringing the divine element within more easy comprehension of the majority of mankind. Proper names, limited attributes, definite duties and spheres of work—these give a starting point from which the peasant can set out towards a conception of gods. He himself bears a name, he himself has qualities, he himself performs his round of work; and though his name be writ smaller than that of the being whom he strives to imagine—though his virtues and perhaps his vices be less pronouncedly white and black—though his daily task be more trivial—yet in one and all of these things he stands on common ground with his deities; they differ from him in degree
