Athenians to Demetrius Poliorcetes. Not content with hailing him as a god in name, they went so far in their mean-spirited subjection as to set up a temple, at the place where he dismounted from his horse on entering their city, to Demetrius the Descender ([Greek: Kataibatês])[1], while on every side altars were erected to him. But their grossest piece of flattery was a master-piece of grotesque impiety, and met with a fitting reward. A marriage was arranged between him (the most notorious profligate of his age) and Athena. 'He however,' we are told, 'disdained the goddess, being unable to embrace the statue, but took with him to the Acropolis the courtesan Lamia, and polluted the bed-chamber of Athena, exhibiting to the old virgin the postures of the young courtesan[2].' Even that contemptuous response to the Athenians' flattery did not abash them, but, finding that he did not favour their acknowledged deity, they determined to deify his acknowledged favourite, and erected a temple to Lamia Aphrodite[3].
But such travesties of holy things were rare; and this one notorious case excited the contempt alike of the man[4] to whom the flattery was paid and of all posterity—a contempt which teaches, hardly less clearly than the indignation excited a century earlier by the supposed profanation of the mysteries, in what reverence and high esteem the idea of marriage between men and gods was generally held.
Even Lucian, in whom reverence was a less pronounced characteristic than humour, condemns seriously enough a parody of the mysteries of Eleusis which occurred in his own day; and his account of it at the same time shows once more that the marriage of men and gods was the very essence of the mysteries. The impostor Alexander, he says, instituted rites with carrying of torches ([Greek: dadouchia]) and exposition of the sacred ceremonies ([Greek: hierophantia]) lasting for three days. "On the first there was a proclamation, as at Athens, as follows: 'If any atheist, Christian, or Epicurean hath come to spy upon the holy rites, let him begone, and let the faithful be initiated with heaven's blessing.' Then
- ↑ A title under which both Zeus and Hermes were known; see Aristoph. Pax, 42, and Schol. ibid. 649.
- ↑ Clem. Alex. Protrept. § 54.
- ↑ Athen. VI. p. 253 A. Shortly afterwards he quotes a song (253 D) in which it is the name of Demeter which is coupled with that of Demetrius.
- ↑ Athen. VI. 253 A, and 261 B.
