i̯ast do. 82 < gárw̯-floeẟ ‘rough-voiced’ + gast ‘bitch’ § 103 ii (1); mýdr ddóeth-lef do. 293 < mýdr-ẟoeth + llef ‘of rhythmical voice’; mā́n sérliw g. 129 < mán-ser + lliw ‘of the colour of small stars’; pén sáer-wawd do. 297 < pén-saer ‘architect’ + gwawd ‘song’ meaning ‘of masterly song’.
- Y wawr dlós-ferch ry dlýsfain
- Wrm ael a wisg aur a main.—D.G, 110.
‘Dawn-bright maid, too beautifully slender, of the dark brow, that wearest gold and [precious] stones’; gwawr dlosferch < gwáwr-dlos ‘dawn-beautiful’ + merch ‘maid’;—rɥ dlỿsfain is a loose compound of rhy and tlýs-fain, so that its accentuation is normal;—gẃrm áel is a loose bahuvrīhi (or possessive) compound ‘possessing a dark brow’.
(2) The same accentuation occurs when a compound number is compounded with a noun, as dáu cánn-oen G.G1. m 146/313 ‘200 lambs’; sáith ugéin-waith L.G.C. 421 ‘seven score times’. The separated syllable has the un-mutated (un-combined) form of its diphthong dau, saith (not deu, seith) § 45 ii (2).
iii. Strict compounds are inflected by inflecting the second element, as gwindy pl. gwindei § 117 iii, hwyl-brenni, canhwyll-brenni § 122 ii (2), claer-wỿnnẏon etc. § 145 ii (4), an-wariaid etc. § 145 vi, an-hawsaf § 148 i (6), gloyw-ẟuaf etc. § 150 ii.
But in loose a-n compounds the adj. is often made pl., as nefolẏon wybodeu etc. § 145 ii (3). Indeed these formations are so loose that the second element may be suspended, as in nefolion- a’r daearolion- a thanddaearolion- bethau ibid.
An eqtv. or cpv. adj. before a noun is not compounded with it, but the noun has always its rad. initial. A spv. adj. may or may not be compounded; see Syntax.
Pronouns
Personal Pronouns.
§ 158. The Welsh personal pronouns are either independent or dependent.
Of these main classes there are several sub-divisions, containing a form for each person sg. and pl., including two, m. and f., for the 3rd sg.
The use of the 2nd pl. for the 2nd sg., so common in modern European languages, appears in W. in the 15th cent. There are numerous examples in T.A. (e.g. § 38 vi), who mixes up sg. and pl. in addressing the same individual:
