| Imperfect Tense. | |||
| sg. 1. | gwypwn, gwybyẟwn (gẃypwn, gwybýddwn) | etc. | |
| adnapwn, adnabyẟwn (adnápwn, adnabýddwn) | |||
| Imperative Mood. Present Tense. | |||
| sg. | pl. | ||
| 1. | gwybyẟwn (gwybyddwn) | ||
| 2. | gwybyẟ (gwybyẟ) | 2. | gwybyẟwch (gwybyddwch) |
| 3. | gwypet, gwybyẟet (gwyped, gwybydded) | 3. | gwypent, gwybyddent, (gwypent, gwybyddent, ‑ant) |
| Impers. gwyper, gwybyẟer (gwyper, gwybydder) | |||
| 1. | adnabyẟwn (adnabyddwn) | ||
| 2. | ednebyẟ, adnebyẟ (adnebydd) | 2. | adnebyẟwch (adnabyddwch) |
| 3. | (adnabydded) | 3. | (adnabyẟent, ‑ant) |
(2) The verb cỿdnabỿddaf ‘I recognize’, v.n. cydnabod, has pres. ind. cỿdnabỿddaf, impf. ind. cỿdnabỿddwn, and the rest of the verb like adwaen.
ii. (1) In the pres. indic. the endings of the 2nd sg. and the pl. are seen to be those of the perf. and aor. In the dialects the 3rd pl. has ‑on beside ‑an.
But adwaen has also the pres. endings; thus beside adwaenam Ỻ.A. 164 ‘we know’ we find adwaenwn w.m. 25 ‘we know’; so atweynwch c.m. 12; Mn. W. adweini Es. lv 5 ‘thou knowest’.
(2) Both the 1st and 3rd sg. pres. ind. were adwaen or adwen; the Mn. W. 3rd sg. edw̯yn is a new formation from adwen (on the analogy of etyb ‘answers’ §173 iv (i)). Examples: 1st sg. adwaen b.b. 102, atwaen s.g. 72, atwen w.m. 390; 3rd sg. attwen h.m. ii 235, Atwen mab ae llocha, ac nyt atwen ae kar r.b. 964 ‘a child knows who fondles him, but does not know who loves him’; pawb adwaen pwy I.G. g. 79 ‘everybody knows who’.
- Yr ydwyf, hyd yr adw̯en,
- Yn dwyn haint ni’m gad yn hên.—D.G. 443.
‘I am, as far as I know, suffering from a disease that will not spare me to old age.’
- A’r un sud, er nas edw̯yn,
- Y inesur Duw amser dŷn.—B.Br., f. 15.
‘And in the same manner, though he knows it not, does God measure man’s life.’
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