mined from measurements made on a G. E. spec- trophotometer equipped with a GAF-Librascope Tristimulus Integrator [8, 12]. The specular com- ponent of the reflected radiant energy was excluded. Munsell renotations were determined by Mr. Gran- ville for both sides of the chips. Synonyms were limited to those in which the two color names were applied to only one colored chip. Only one colored chip is listed to illustrate each ISCC-NBS equivalent to a TKG color name, and wherever possible one whose ISCC-NBS equivalent applied to both the glossy and matte sides was chosen. The letters g, m, or gm refer to the glossy side, to the matte side, and to both sides of the chip, respectively. The ISCC- NBS designations were read by us and checked by Mr. Granville. 9.13. Textile Color Card Association of the United States The color cards of the Textile Color Card Associa- tion of the United States, Margaret Hayden Rorke, Secretary and Managing Director [60], are widely used in the textile and allied industries and by many procuring agencies of the Federal Government. The Textile Color Card Association issues both seasonal and standard color cards. The seasonal cards pro- vide a color forecasting service to textile manufac- turers and promote color coordination among the trades; the standard cards present colors for which there is a popular and continuing demand. Most important of the color cards is the Standard Color Card of America, the current ninth edition contain- ing 216 colors. Preeminent among the many special sets of color cards issued by the Association for use of the Federal Government is the United States Army Color Card showing 22 official colors for the arms and services. The colors of the Standard Color Card of America and the United States Army Color Card were measured at the National Bureau of Stand- ards during a four-year research project financed by the TCCA, and the results have been published [54]. The ISCC-NBS color designations given in the pres- ent dictionary were obtained directly from the Munsell renotations contained in this publication, and have been checked by Mrs. Rorke. 10. Description of the Alphabetical List of Color Names Section 15 is the heart of the color names diction- ary. It is an alphabetized list of the color names from all of the sources studied. Each color name is followed by a letter (A, B, F, and so on) identifying the source, by the corresponding ISCC-NBS color designation abbreviated according to figure 2 and table 1, and finally by a number showing where to find the designation in section 14. Synonymous color names (those defined by reference to the same colored sample) are indented under the main color name, such as Foliage Green under Absinthe [Green]. Where a synonymous color name is found in the table, it will be followed by a reference to the main color name, such as Acajou (same as Laurel Oak). Where more than one ISCC-NBS color designation is used to describe a color name, it indicates either that more than one colored sample was used to define that color name such as Aerugineus, or that the Munsell notation of the single colored sample used to define that color name, such as Acacia (M), fell on a color-names boundary. TT-C-595 agency abbre- viations are given at the beginning of sections 14 and 15. Many of the color names consist of two or more words. The color name is alphabetized according to the first word unless that word is clear, artificial, genuine, imitation, transparent, dusky or any of the ISCC-NBS modifiers. In these cases, the name is alphabetized according to the second word. If the word following the one alphabetized is a color name itself, the name is cross indexed as, Almond, Burnt (see Burnt Almond), or Brown, Dark Red (see Dark Red Brown). The spelling of several color names varies from one source to another. Gray is spelled with an "e" in Maerz and Paul (except for Chicadee Gray, Fashion Gray, and Pearl Gray), Horticulture, and in one color name in the Ninth Standard Color Card, Pearl Grey. It is Wistaria in M, R, and T but Wisteria in P and H; it is Wedgwood, the correct spelling, in M and T but Wedgewood in R. M has Ochre and Ocher but R has Ocher only, M spells it Castilian but P Castillian and M has both Daffodil Yellow and Daffodile [Yellow]. In section 15 the spelling of each color name is reproduced exactly from the original source; thus, there is a lengthy list of various grays, and also a separate long list of various greys. 11. Summary The ISCC-NBS system of color designations has been revised and extended to apply not only to the colors of drugs and chemicals for which it was orig- inally developed, but now to the colors of all opaque, clear, cloudy or fluorescent samples whether viewed by reflected or transmitted light and to microscopic structures. Its simplicity of terminology has rec- ommended its use in a number of fields of color description and a further application may be seen in the translations given in the Dictionary of Color Names. This method is dedicated to everyone who has found it difficult to make his color descriptions intelligible, in the hope that it will eventually find sufficiently wide use that it will serve as a common denominator in the varied color terminology used in science, art and industry. 12. References [1] American Standards Association, Specification and de- scription of color, Am. War Standard Z44-1942, Am. Standards Assoc., New York, June 17, 1942. [2] Appel, Bernard, Decadent descriptions in dermatology, Arch. Dermatol. Syphilol. 62, 370 (1950). [3] Birren, Faber and Company, Color standards for shore establishment, U. S. Navy Department, Washington, D. C., 1953. [4] The British Colour Council in collaboration with The Royal Horticultural Society (London), Horticultural Colour Chart, 1938 and 1940. Copyright Robert F. Wilson. Also issued as the Wilson colour chart. [5] Colors for molded urea plastics, Commercial Standard CS147-47, U. S. Department of Commerce, Decem- ber 15, 1947.
[6] Colors for polystyrene plastics, Commercial Standard
