extremity. The next day the British attacked in four divisions, led respectively by General Knyphausen and General Matthews (supported by Lord Cornwallis), Lieutenant-Colonel Sterling and Lord Percy. Soon after daybreak the cannonading began, and it continued with great fury on each side until noon. Knyphausen's Hessians then advanced in two columns, one of which, under General Rahl, ascending circuitously to the summit of the hill, penetrated Magaw's advanced works, while the other ascended the hill in a direct line, suffering much on the way from the well-directed fire of Colonel Rawling's riflemen. The second division made good their landing, forced the opposing Americans from their sheltering rocks and trees up a steep and rugged hill; while the third, landing under a heavy fire, succeeded, after a stubborn fight, in carrying an advanced redoubt. Percy's division, with conspicuous gallantry, carried other advanced works. On a second summons from Howe, Magaw, seeing the uselessness of further resistance, surrendered the fort, his troops (2600 in number) becoming prisoners of war. The American loss in killed and wounded was 130; the British, 454. The English had been materially assisted by the treason of one of Magaw's officers, William Demont, who, on November 2d, had deserted, and furnished Howe with detailed plans of the American works. The loss of the fort caused great consternation throughout the United States, and has been regarded as, in some respects, one of the greatest military misfortunes of the Americans during the war, the garrison representing the flower of Washington's army. Consult: De Lancey, The Capture of Fort Washington, the Result of Treason (New York, 1877); Dawson, Battles of the United States (New York, 1858); and Carrington, Battles of the American Revolution (New York, 1876).
FORT WASHINGTON. A United States military post, established in 1815, and comprising a reservation of 334 acres on the left bank of the Potomac River, 14½ miles below Washington, D. C. The garrison consists of three companies of coast artillery.
FORT WAYNE. A United States military post, established in 1842, and containing a reservation of 63 acres on the Detroit River, near the city of Detroit, which is the post-office and telegraph station. There are quarters for a battalion of infantry.
FORT WAYNE. A city and railroad centre, the county-seat of Allen County, Ind., 150 miles east by south of Chicago, Ill., at the junction of the Saint Joseph's and Saint Mary's rivers, which here unite in the Maumee, and on the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago, the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, the Grand Rapids and Indiana, the New York, Chicago and Saint Louis, the Wabash, the Lake Erie and Western, and the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton railroads (Map: Indiana, D 1). It occupies an area of nearly 10 square miles on a plateau at an elevation of 775 feet, and has a United States Government building, a court-house that cost over $1,000,000, Saint Joseph's and Hope hospitals, Indiana School for Feeble-Minded Youth, orphan asylums, a public-library building, for the erection of which Andrew Carnegie gave $75,000, three public parks, and monuments to Anthony Wayne and Henry W. Lawton. It is also the seat of Concordia College (Lutheran), opened in 1839. The city is in an agricultural district and has important manufacturing interests. The industrial plants include shops of the Pennsylvania and the Wabash railroads, foundries and machine-shops, wheel-works, flouring-mills, electric-light works, knitting-mills, oil-tank works, packing houses, shirt and waist factories, etc.
Fort Wayne is governed by a mayor, who holds office for four years, and a unicameral council. Of the municipal officials, the boards of health, public works, and public safety are appointed by the mayor and confirmed by the council. The annual income of the city, including revenues of water-works, amounts to about $650,000, expenditures to $475,000, the principal items of expense being $30,000 for the police department (including amounts for police courts, jails, etc.), $50,000 for the fire department, and $100,000 for schools. The water-works, which are owned by the city, are operated at a yearly cost of about $40,000. Fort Wayne is built on the site of the principal village of the Miami Indians and near the site of the old French Fort Miami. In October, 1790, General Harmar burned the village. In 1794 Gen. Anthony Wayne built a fort here which, in September of 1812, was closely besieged by the Indians. A village gradually grew up and was chartered as a city in 1839, though growth of the place was very slow until after the completion of the Wabash and Erie Canal in 1840, and of several railroads between 1850 and 1860. Population, in 1850, 4282; in 1870, 17,718; in 1890, 35,393; in 1900, 45,115.
FORT WILL′IAM. A town in Algoma District, Ontario, Canada, on the Kaministiquia River, near Lake Superior (Map: Ontario, L 8). It is an important landing-place for lake steamboats and the terminal station of the east division of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. It has grain-elevators in connection with an important shipping trade, and is a favorite summer resort for boating, fishing, and shooting. It is picturesquely situated at the foot of McKay Mountain, and was founded by the Hudson Bay Company in 1801; their old fort is now a powerhouse. The United States is represented by a consular agent. Population, in 1891, 3000; in 1901, 3633.
FORT WILLIAM. See Calcutta.
FORT WILLIAM HENRY. A fort erected in 1755 by Sir William Johnson (q.v.) on the site of the present Caldwell, N. Y., at the head of Lake George. During the early part of the French and Indian War it was an important strategic position, and was the starting-point for many minor expeditions against the French and Indians. Rigaud, at the head of a considerable French force, made a half-hearted and unsuccessful attack upon it in the spring of 1757 (March 18-23), and later in the year Montcalm marched against it at the head of a force of about 8000, including 2000 Indians. On August 2d he demanded the surrender of the fort, then garrisoned by about 2200 men, and on the refusal of Colonel Munro, the commanding officer, began a vigorous attack. Although Colonel Webb was stationed at Fort Edward, only fifteen miles away, with an English and colonial force of 1600, Colonel Munro was not reinforced, and on the 9th was compelled to surrender, Montcalm agreeing that the garrison should march out with the honors
