TRICHLOROACETIC ACID IN URINE: METHOD 8322, Issue 1, dated 17 April 2015 - Page 5 of 5
[6] Wickman DC, Perkins JB, Reynolds JM [2012]. Backup data report for trichloroacetic acid in urine, ALS Environmental (formerly DataChem Laboratories Inc.) under NIOSH contract CDC-200-2001-08000. [7] O’Donnell GE, Juska A, Geyer R, Faiz M, Stalder S [1995]. Analysis of trichloroacetic acid in the urine of workers occupationally exposed to trichloroethylene by capillary gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 709:313-317. [8] Bernauer U, Birner G, Dekant W, Henschler D [1996]. Biotransformation of trichloroethylene: Dosedependent excretion of 2,2,2-trichloro-metabolites and mercapturic acids in rats and humans after inhalation. Arch Toxicol 70:338-346. [9] Raaschou-Nielsen O, Hansen J, Christensen JM, Blot WJ, McLaughlin JK, Olsen JH [2001]. Urinary concentrations of trichloroacetic acid in Danish workers exposed to trichloroethylene, 1947-1985. Am J Ind Med. 39:320-327. [10] Vartiainen T, Pukkala E, Rienoja T, Strandman T, Kaksonen K [1993]. Population exposure to triand tetrachloroethylene and cancer risk: Two cases of drinking water pollution. Chemosphere, 27(7):1171-1181. [11] Kuklenyik Z, Ashley DL, Calafat AM [2002]. Quantitative detection of trichloroacetic acid in human urine using isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 74(9):2058-2063. [12] Calafat AM, Kuklenyik Z, Caudill SP, Ashley DL [2003]. Urinary levels of trichloroacetic acid, a disinfection by-product in chlorinated drinking water, in a human reference population. Environ Health Perspect 111:151-154. [13] Delinksy AD, Bruckner JV, Bartlett MG [2005]. A review of analytical methods for the determination of trichloroethylene and its major metabolites chloral hydrate, trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid. Biomed Chromatogr 19:617-639. [14] ASTM [2011]. ASTM D1193, Standard specification for reagent water. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. www.astm.org. (Date accessed: April 2013.) DOI 10.1520/D1193-06R11. [15] CDC [2007]. 2007 Guidelines for isolation precautions: Preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings. http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/2007IP/2007isolationprecautions.html. (Date accessed: April 2013.) [16] US EPA [2011]. Trichloroacetic acid (CASRN 76-03-9). United States Environmental Protection Agency. www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0655.htm (accessed April 7, 2014). [17] Burkart JA [1986]. General procedures for limit of detection calculations in the industrial hygiene chemistry laboratory. Appl Ind Hyg 1(3):153-155. METHOD WRITTEN BY: Don C. Wickman and James B. Perkins; DataChem Laboratories, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah, under contract CDC 200-2001-08000. METHOD EDITED BY: John M. Reynolds, ALS Environmental (formerly DataChem Laboratories, Inc.), Salt Lake City, Utah and Dale A. Shoemaker, Ph.D., NIOSH/DART/CEMB.
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fifth Edition
