on the north of Morgan's Island, is composed, at the base, of granite; and Mount Caledon, on the west side of Caledon Buy, seems likewise to consist of that rock, as does also Melville Island. This Part of the coast has afforded the ferruginous oxide of manganese: and brown hematite is found hereabouts in considerable quantity, on the shore at the base of the cliffs; forming the cement of a breccia, which contains frag- ments of sand-stone, and in which the ferruginous matter pears to be of very recent production ;--resembling, perhaps, the hematite observed at Edinburgh by Professor Jameson, around cast-iron pipes which had lain for some time in sand 0. The general range of the coast, it will be observed, from Lintmen's Bight to Cape Arnhem, is from south-west to north-east; and three conspicuous ranges of islands on the north-western entrance of the Gulf of Carpentaria, the pearance of which is so remarkable as to have attracted the attention of Captain Fiinderst, have the same ?eneral di- rection: a fact which is probably not unconnected with the general structure of the country. The prevailing rock in all these islands appears to be sand-stone. The line of the main coast from Point Dale to the bottom of Castlereagh Bay, where Captain King?s survey was re* sumed, has also u direction from south-west to north-east, parallel to that of the ranges of islands just mentioned. The low land near the north coast iu (?astlereagh Bay, and from thence to Goalburn Islands, is intersected by one of the few rivers yet discovered in this part of Australia, --a tortuous and shallow stream, named Liverpool River, which has been traced inland to about forty miles from the �Edinb. Phil. Jour.? July, 18?5, p. 193. ? Flinders, Vol. 11., p. 158.wSee hereafter, p. 598.
�
