214
NOTES AND QUERIES. [io* s. in. MARCH is, iocs.
Flinter, an Irishman of good birth, who
entered the British army in 1811 as an ensign
in the 74th West India Regiment of Foot.
After serving for some years and attaining
the rank of lieutenant, he was placed on
half-pay and took up his abode at Caracas,
where he was during the civil war of 1815,
an account of which he afterwards published.
He travelled extensively in the European
colonies of the West Indies, and married the
daughter of Don Francisco Ararnburco, one
of the wealthiest landed proprietors and
shipowners in Caracas. He obtained a com-
mission in the Spanish army, and, though on
the British half-pay list till 1832, had for
some years previously held the position of a
staff officer in the Spanish service. On the
outbreak of the Carlist war he declared for
Isabella, and served under Mina and Valdez
in the Basque Provinces. In 1836 he was
taken prisoner, and immured in a filthy
dungeon, from which he escaped, and reach-
ing Madrid was placed in command of Toledo.
From there he made a sortie, severely defeat-
ing the Carlists, and placing nearly eighteen
hundred of them hors de combat, without the
loss of a single man killed or wounded. For
this the Cortes tendered him a vote of thanks,
and he was hailed as liberator of the province.
Later, after a success which he was unable to
follow up through lack of reinforcements, he
was removed from his command and severely
censured by the Spanish Government ; ancl
in 1838 he died (really from the effects of
disgust and chagrin) in Madrid. He was a
Knight of the Royal Order of Isabella the
Catholic.
Another Irishman who served under a foreign flag was Martin Waters Kirwan, lieutenant in the Glamorganshire Militia, and afterwards captain in the Foreign Legion during the Franco-Prussian war.
F. P. LEYBURNE YARKER. 36, Station Road, Cambridge.
The list of Englishmen who have occupied positions of importance under foreign govern- ments must be a long one. Li Egypt and its possessions on the Upper Nine alone I have noted a considerable number without taking into account the period sin ;e the reconquest of the Sudan from the Kha.ifa, for which the British Government assvnied joint respon- sibility. Sir Samuel Thite Baker undertook his second expeditio . to the Upper Nile (1869-73) on behalf or the Khedive, and, on his return, Col. (after'tvards General) C. G. Gordon Pasha, who had previously com- manded " the Ever - Victorious Army " in China, was appointed Governor of the Egyptian Equatorial Provinces (1874-6), and
afterwards Governor-General of the (Egyp-
tian) Sudan (1877-80). In his service were
several Englishmen Cols. Purdy, Colston,
and Mason, Lieut. W. H. Chippendall, R.E.,
Lieut. Watson, and Major Campbell (1874);
Capt. McKillop Pasha (1875) ; F. Sidney
Ensor, C.E. (1875-7) ; Morice Bey and Capt.
George Malcolm, R.N. (1877); Col. Prout
(1878); and the unfortunate F. Lupton Bey
(1879-83), who was Governor of the Bahr el
Ghazal province at the time of the Mahdist
outbreak. Then there was Col. Hicks Pasha,
whose force was annihilated during the same
rising (1883) ; and ex-Col. Valentine Baker,
who atoned for a smirched reputation in
England by his bravery in withstanding the
same revolt. Capt. R. F. Burton twice visited
Midian in search of gold mines for the
Khedive (1877-8). To turn to the other side
of Africa, Sir Henry M. Stanley and others
served the King of the Belgians in the Congo
Free State, and it might perhaps have been
better for the ill-used natives had the King
of the Belgians employed more Englishmen.
Some of those mentioned above have pub-
lished accounts of their travels and missions.
FREDK. A. EDWARDS, F.R.G.S.
The name of Count Butler should be added to those already mentioned. Butler, Deve- reux, Gordon, and Leslie, all in foreign service, were concerned in the death of Wallenstein at Eger in 1634. Col. James Butler fought against Gustavus Adolphus in Poland. R. B.
Upton.
I may add the name of Frank Herbert Clemence, born in Chester 16 December, 1867, who is (or has been) Master of the Horse to the Ameer of Afghanistan.
T. CANN HUGHES, M.A., F.S.A.
Lancaster.
See also ' Scottish Soldiers of Fortune,' by James Grant. W. S.
HORSESHOES FOR LUCK (10 tb S. iii. 9, 90). The question is, apparently, what is comme il faut as to the giving of expression to this belief a belief which, for the greater part, seems to be merely a pleasantry of the play- fully credulous. MR. ELWORTHY has hit the (horseshoe-) nail on the head in advancing for the reason that the toe of the shoe generally appears uppermost, that it is "probably because it is so much easier affixed or hung up." But other corre- spondents, like ST. SWITHIN, are almost unanimous in declaring that it is the horns of the heel that should be placed uppermost. And there is good ground for believing this
