90 NOTES AND QUERIES. [io» s. iv. JCLY 29,1005. TCJLIPOMANIA.—Are there any recent books or articles of importance dealing with this strange commerce, in which shares in a bulb seem to have had a speculative market, such as pig-iron warrants have here 1 Q. V. [Poole's 'Index to Periodical Literature,' 1882, mentions 'Value of Tulips in the Seventeenth Century' (Penny Magazine, vii. 455) and two articles on 'Tulip Mania' (Hoyg'n Instructor, vi. 19, and Bankers' Magazine, New York, x. 362).] BYRCH ARMS.—The Franciscan priory of Ware was granted to Thos. Byrch about 1536. Can any reader say if his arms were Azure, three fleurs-de-lis or ? Q. W. V. LOCKE : LOCKIE.—I should be glad to know through your columns whether Locke and Lockie are Norse names, and, if so, what changes have taken place in their spelling since their introduction into England. ANERLEY. TEED AND ASHBURNBR FAMILIES. — I am desirous of any information relating to the above families. According to an entry in a family Bible, William Teed married Ann Ashburner at St. Pancras Parish Church, Middlesex, on 24 January, 1818. I am par- ticularly anxious to learn the parentage of these parties and their descendants. CHAS. HALL CROUCH. 5, Grove Villas, Wanstead. YTHANC.ESTER, ESSEX. (10tb S. iv. 48 ) SOME one has made a curious blunder here by referring to Chad as being "one of the two saints of that name." The two brothers are quite distinct. One of them, St. Chad, was properly named CeadcUi, of which Chad is a modernized rendering; and the other •was Cedd, who was bishop of the East Saxons. The proper course to adopt is to refer to the original passage in Beda's 'Ecclesiastical History,' book iii. chap. xxii.; see the edition by Mayor and Luniby, p. 61: " Ythancaestir in ripa Pentse amnis.:> The note at p. 262 says: "Ythancaestir; called Othona by the Romans. It was near Dengie in Essex. And again : " Pentao; now the Freshwell. one of the two springs of which is still called Pant's well (Camden)." But there is surely some mistake here, for the A.-S. poem on the battle of Maldon conclusively snows that the Pante was the Blackwater, with which Dengie has little to do. In the English version of Beda's ' History' in " Bohn's Library " the note upon Ythancaestir at p. 147 says : " On th« river Pante, now called Blackwater rivet; near Maldon, Essex. There are now n> remains of the city." If there is nothing of it left, it must te difficult to identify it with an3r place tint still remains. The suggestion that it w« Upminster is a fine example of the guas desperate. It seems to be a fixed principe with many that if the guess be wild enoufg, it ought to receive the more respect. U»- rainster is even further from the Pante tKn Dengie is. All these blunders arise from fle failure to verify references. Beda distincly says that the place was " in ripa Petre amnis." He also distinctly says (bk. ii. ch. xxiii.) that there were four brothrs, named "Cedd, Cynibill, Caelin, and Cead*." The note about Dengie is a reminiscencof' a note in Smith's edition of Beda (p. If): " Ythancaeitir. Quse Romanis Othona di ,i. Nunc Fanum S. Petri ad aggerem, extrco Dengiensis Centuriae Promontorioimpositm. Anglice, St. Peter's on tlie Wall." Snth gives no authority, but his explanations possible, and even probable. He does ot say "near Dengie," out at the extreme id of the hundred of Dengie, which is quita . different thing. In Pigot's 'County Ati' (1831) St. Peter's Church is distinctly inarid in this very position, namely, near the <d of the promontory on the south bank of « mouth of the Blackwater, beyond Bradwt- juxta-Mare. The sands beyond the prom>- tory are called St. Peter's Sands in Races ' County Atlas.' WALTER W. SKEAT It is not likely, nor is it probable, tl» St. Cedde was ever at Chad well Heath ; bv there is an old brick-arched spring there . Billett Lane which was dedicated, in commoi with many other springs (cf. Shad well, Chad well—the name of the New River at it. source—Chad's-Well near King's Cross, Chad well near Tilbury, Chatswell in Staffordshire <vc.), to this bishop. But my main object ir. writing is to refer E. C. to some sources oi information about Ithancestre, which cer- tainly was not Upminster, as Mr. Shawcross so strangely suggests it might be. Beda, so copiously quoted by Mr. Shawcross, tells us that Cedde built churches at Ithancestir and Tilaburg. The former of these names had become Effecestre by the time of the Domesday Survey, and so appears in Domes- day Book, and the site of the church has come down to us in the ruins, probably of a later building than Cedde's, now to be seen at St. PeterVon-the-Wall, in Bradwell-on-Sea. Mr. J. H. Round (v. ' Victoria Hist. Essex,' pp. 391-2) has clearly identified two of the . .
