io» s. iv. AUG. 19.1905.] NOTES AND QUERIES. 157 navigation—as contrasted with seamanship— Capt. Lochie's ' Wrinkles in Navigation' should certainly be read. The latter contains a most lucid account, among many others, of Sumner's excellent method for finding the latitude and longitude when at sea. F. HOWARD COLLINS. Torquay. John Evelyn, in his ' Diary,' under date of 1 October, 1665, records :— " I sailed this morning with his Majesty in one of his yachts (or pleasure boats), vessels not known among us till the Dutch East India Company pre- sented that curious piece to the King; being very excellent sailing vessels. It was on a wager between his other new pleasure boat, built frigate-like, and one of the Duke of York's; the wager 1001. ; the race from Greenwich to Gravesend and back. The King lost it going, the wind being contrary, but saved stakes in returning. There were divers noble persons and lords on board, his Majesty sometimes steering himself." Pepys, in his 'Diary,' on 15 January, 1660- 1661, says:— "The King hath been this afternoon at Deptford to see the yacht that Commissioner Pett is building, which will be very pretty, as also that his brother at Woolwich is making." In 1604 a yacht was built for Henry, Prince of Wales, by Phineas Pett, the father of Peter and Christopher Pett, yacht builders. Interesting articles on this subject will be found in 9th S. ix. 244, 311. EVERARD HOME COLEMAN. 71, Brecknock Road. DOHERTY, WINCHESTER COMMONER (10th S. iv. 107).—Charles William Doherty. son of Lord Chief Justice Doherty, entered Rugby School in February, 1841. See ' Rugby School Register, 1675-1849'(pub. 1881), p. 224. According to 'Crockford,' 1865, he became M.A. of Dublin in 1852; but this is probably wrong, as he appears in ' Crockford,' 1874, as simply B.A., or Trinity College, Dublin, 1852; and he must be identified, I suppose, with the Charles G. Doherty, B.A.. 1852. in Todd's 'Catalogue of Graduates of Dublin University, 1591-1868' (pub. 1869). It seems possible, therefore, that the correct reply to the second of MR. WAINEWRIGHT'S queries is that Charles William Doherty never was M.A. H. C. HEMMING=STEVENS (10th S. iii. 349).—I find in my Fothergill Manuscripts of Emi- grants to America full details of the age, trade, residence, and place of settlement of William Hemming. If MRS. LAMB will com- municate with me direct I shall be pleased to let her have this information. GERALD FOTHERGILL. 11, Brussels Road, New Wandsworth, S.W. ROMANOFF AND STUART PEDIGREE (10th S. iv. 108).—Paul, Emperor of Russia, married Mary of Wurtemburg, whose mother was Frederika, daughter of Frederick, Margrave of Sch wedt, and Sophia, daughter of Frederick William I., of Prussia. The wife of the last, Sophia of Hanover, was his own cousin, and daughter to George I. of England, so that the grandmother of both spouses was Sophia, Electress of Hanover, grand-daughter of our King James I. and VI. The son of the Emperor Paul, Nicholas L, married Charlotte, daughter of Frederick William III. of Prussia, who also, of course, derived Stuart blood from the same ancestry. A. FRANCIS STEUART. 79, Great King Street, Edinburgh. THE ARCHIEPISCOPAL CROSS AND ' BECKET ' (10Ul S. iv. 106).— According to Miiller and Mothes's ' Archaologisches Worterbuch," the cross with two transverse bars is called a "patriarchal cross," and is the badge of honour of archbishops and cardinals. Cf. fig. 750, vol. i. If Anthony de Beke was patriarch of Jerusalem, he was, of course, entitled to have a patriarchal cross borne before him. The same kind of cross figures in the arms of Hungary since the thirteenth century, and surmounts also the orb of empire " (among the Hungarian coronation insignia) which according to the testimony of the coat of arms on it dates from the fourteenth century. Agria (in German Erlau) is in North-East Hungary ; Zagrab (in German Agram) is the capital of-Croatia. L. L. K. WHY HAS ENGLAND NO NOBLESSE? (10th S. iv. 69.)—The words "nobleman " and "gentle- man" once meant the same thing. They both signified one who was entitled to use coat- armour inherited from his forefathers ; but the sense conveyed by words is given to change, so now the meaning of " nobleman " in this country is restricted to a member of the House of Peers and his immediate issue. Coke's authority cannot be called in question as to what was the opinion of his own time. He says: " At this day the surest rule is, 'Nobiles sunt qui arma gentilicia anteces- sorum suorum proferre possunt'" ('Insti- tutes,' sixth edition, vol. ii. p. 595). MR. WILSON may consult with advantage Sir James Lawrence 'On the Nobility of the British Gentry,' second edition. Edinburgh, 1825 ; The Quarterly Review, April, 1846; The Gentleman's Magazine, 1861, vol. i. p. 625; Legh, ' Accidence of Armorie,' p. 17 ; White- lock, ' Memorials, ed. 1732, p. 66 ; and Heylin, 'Ecclesia Restaurata,' ed. 1849, vol. i. p. 63. I remember that about fifty years ago, or it
