io" s. v. FEB. IT,
NOTES AND QUERIES.
127
church, part of which was portioned off as a fold
for sheep. The parson sat in the chancel spinning
while he taught the day school."' Early Eastern
Christianity : St. Margaret's Lectures on the
JSyriac-.Speaking Church, 1904,' p. 148.
WILLIAM GEORGE BLACK. Dovvanhill Gardens, Glasgow.
HOBBY GROOMS. The following account, giving details of the livery, will perhaps be found of interest :
Michelmas, 1677. The particulars y t were those delivered to W m Watts, Esq., one of his Maj' 8 Taylors (since deceased), to make a Livery Coate for Mr. George Keene, one of his maj ts Hobby Groomes, with y e prices which were then allowed as followeth :
3 y' ls of read broad cloath at 10< p. y' 1 ... 01 : 10 : 00
4 y ds of blew serge at 2 s 6 a p. y a ... 00 : 11 : 03 17 yards of broad silke Lace att 3" 8' 1
p.v 03:02:04
6 v' ls of Buttonhole Lace att IS' 1 p. y a ... 00 : 09 : 00
o Doz : A of Sil r Coatd Buttons at 18 a ... 00 : 08 : 03
A Necloope * 00 : 01 : 00
Making the Coate, etc 00 : 08 : 00
Totall 06 : 09 : 10
The amounts allowed are written against the items in a different hand, the total amount being 4. 8s. At the back is a dis- charge given by George Keene to the execu- tors of Wm. Watts for "y e sume of foure pounds eight shilling, wich is in full pay- ment for a Livery Coate due to mee as one of y e Kings Servants for y c yeare 1677," &c. This account is in my possession.
ALECK ABRAHAMS. 39, Hillmarton Road, N.
11 KES" OR " KESE," TO KICK. This rare word, of which other forms are kyse arid kynse, occurs in Acts ix. 5 and xxvi. 14 of 'A Four- teenth Century English Biblical Version,' by Dr. AnnaPaues (Cambridge, University Press, 1904), a book already reviewed in * N. & Q.' The learned editress notes (p. 252) on Acts xxvi. 14 :
" to kes, ' calcitrare,' cf. above ix. 5, and Todd, 'Apology for Lollard Doctrines,' Canid. Soc., 20, London, 1842, p 85, 1. 12: 'and be kesed in the
worschipping of ]>e Trinite a lone.' I have found
no further instances, and no satisfactory explana- tion of the forms of this word."
H. P. L
ALMANAC OF 1544. We have within the last few years been repairing our old parish books. One of these is an account book com- mencing in 1582 (Elizabeth's reign). One of the binders at the Record Office, where our books have been most excellently treated, brought me an almanac which he had discovered in the binding of this account book. It is veritably what we should call a sheet almanac of the date 1544, printed by Richard Graf ton
in black - letter. The Kalendar I take to
be that of Sarum. There are in addition to
this, and as a border to the Kalendar, the
signs of the zodiac, depicted in charming
little woodcuts. There are also remarks of a
quaint kind, and directions as regards health,
the weather, and eclipses.
Should any of your readers care to see the almanac, I shall be delighted to show it to them, if they will drop me a line. The church is open daily between 11.30 and 2, and on. Thursdays and Fridays until 4.
H. D. MACNAMARA.
St. James, Garlick Hill, EC.
1 OLIVER TWIST,' AN ERROR. The refer- ences to Dickens's mistake in 'Nicholas Nickleby' (ante, p. 71) remind me of a curious slip in 'Oliver Twist,' which I do not remember to have seen noticed. The last paragraph begins thus : " Within the altar of the old village church there stands a white marble tablet." It would be difficult to place a marble tablet " within the altar." Dickens probably wrote "altar rails"; for Cruik- shank's plate shows the rails, but with the tablet outside them, and apparently by the side of the east window. The right word is, of course, "chancel.' 5
HENRY N. ELLACOMBE.
WE must request correspondents -desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
" DUMPING." I notice in a country paper that a Fiscal Reformer uses the words, " England will be ruined, and will become the dumping ground of all nations," as a quotation from Cobden's writings. Of course Cobden never made such a statement, but my point is the use of the word "dump- ing." When was it first introduced in common use 1 and who was the first user in connexion with the fiscal controversy ?
T.. FISHER UN WIN.
1, Adelphi Terrace.
J. M. W. TURNER AND SANDGATE. The recent find of Turner's pictures reminds me of a query of mine at 8 th S. vi. 69, as to whether there were any sketches of Sandgate by him, as there are of Folkestone and Hythe. Those now on view at the Tate Gallery are mainly of the coast. I am con- firmed in the reasonableness of my inquiry by the fact (stated in the 'D.N.B.') "that Turner, when a boy in 1793, completed his
