10 s. VIL FEB. 2, 1907.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
97
Restitution of All Things ' gave rise to con-
troversy which resulted in the break-up of
the Hull congregation. Mr. Jukes removed
to Highgate, and then obtained permission
from the bishop to officiate in churches in
the diocese of London ; but he received no
permanent appointment in the Church of
England. F. JABBATT.
Andrew Jukes' s ' Letters,' together with a short biography by Herbert H. Jeaffreson, appeared in 1903 (Longmans). The Church Times and Guardian also had notices, I believe. WM. H. PEET.
[MR. J. B. WAIXEVVRIGHT also thanked for reply.]
" A PENNY SAVED IS TWO PENCE GOT "
(10 S. vii. 48). Like most of these wise old proverbs, this is probably, in some form or other, universal. In Germany there are three forms of it. " A penny saved is a penny gained " (" Ersparter Pfennig ist so gut wie erworbene ") ; "A penny saved is twopence got " (" Ein ersparter Pfennig ist zweimal verdient ") ; and " Penny is penny's brother " (" Pfennig ist Pfennigs Bruder "). In Spanish, " A penny spared is a penny saved" (" Quien come y dexa, dos veces pone la mesa"). In Dutch "A penny spared is better than a florin gained" (" Een stuiver gespaard is beter dan een gulden gewonnen "). In Danish, " A penny in time is as good as a dollar " (" En Skilling er i Tide saa god som en Daler "). In French, " Saving is getting " (" Qui epargne, sagne"). Similarly in German, "Saving is a greater art than gaining " (" Sparen ist grosser e kunst als erwerben"). Danish, '" Money saved is as good as money gained " (" Den Penge man sparer er saa god som den man avler"). Italian, "Money is money's brother " ("II danaro e fratello del danaro"). But money is no gain when it " advances meacocks " (" Deniers avancent les bediers "). English, " Penny and penny laid up will be many," and " Who will not keep a penny shall never have many " he who is prodigal of little can never have a great deal. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
ANGLO-INDIAN ' LITTLE JACK HOBNEB ' (10 S. vii. 45). As it is many years since I was stationed in India I feel some hesi- tancy in criticizing MB. PLATT'S Hindustani. All the same, I am inclined to think that one or two of the words are incorrectly given, though I do not remember having heard the lines he quotes.
In the last line bulwci should, I fancy, read bold, the past tense of bolnd ; accha should certainly be spelt achcha ; and hai, although
possibly it may have been given correctly
to rime with pie in the second line, should
probably be hain, to agree with ham, the
plural of main (I). In India an Englishman
invariably uses the plural form of the per-
sonal pronoun when speaking of himself as
in the verses, and the verb would be in agree-
ment. S. BUTTEBWOBTH.
NOTES ON BOOKS, &o.
Medieval London. Vol. II. Ecclesiastical. By Sir
Walter Besant. (A. & C. Black.) WHETHER the second volume of Sir Walter Besant's ' Mediaeval London ' completes the work so far as that epoch is concerned, or whether a third volume is in contemplation, is a matter on which no definite information is supplied. So encyclopaedic is the work, and so ambitious is the scheme when looked at in its entirety, that the latter contingency may be regarded as conceivable, in which case there will be matter for thankfulness on the part of the reader, who can scarcely have too much of matter of the class.
The earlier volume (for which see 10 S. v. 339) dealt with the historical and social aspects of mediaeval London, its first part being concerned with sovereigns from Henry II. to Richard III., while the second occupied itself with streets, build- ings, manners, customs, literature, and other social aspects. Like its predecessor, the present volume is in two, or rather three, parts, the latest, largest, and on the whole most important of which can alone be regarded as ecclesiastical. The govern- ment of London especially the Commune, the wards, the factions, and the City companies is treated of in the opening portion. For this section of his task Sir Walter has been indebted to the City records, concerning which he says that "no city in the world possesses a collection of archives so ancient and so complete as the collection at the Guildhall." Many of the most important of these are, under the competent charge of Dr. Sharpe, being rendered accessible by the Corporation. In the initial portion of his volume the author benefits largely by the labours of Mr. J. H. Round and Bishop Stubbs, and by the invaluable publications of Dr. Sharpe. The facts stand out that a com- mune was granted to London in 1191, and that two years later the Mayor of London first appears. On the influence of these institutions Sir Walter waxes eloquent, saying that they made the future develop- ment of London possible and natural, and adding that " a long succession of the wisest and most benevolent kings would never have done for London what London was thus enabled to do for herself." In 1215 the citizens obtained from King John the right to elect their own Mayor. " King Richard took no hostile proceedings against the Mayoralty. He never recognized it ; but he never tried to abolish it."
At p. 127 the ecclesiasticalportion of the volume begins with a chapter on ' The Religious Life.' A singularly edifying chapter this is. It opens thus : "If churches and religious houses make up religion, then London of the thirteenth and fourteenth een-
