NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. xii. OCT. 23, 1915.
connexion with remarks on " new names
of old trades," and explains it as " body
decorator" or, in plain language, tailor.
It is not a coinage which has been adopted,
and we have reason to be thankful.
URLLAD.
VAVASOUR FAMILY. At p. 263 supra ST. SWITHIN quotes from Dean Purey-Cust's
- Walks round York Minster,' p. 9, the state-
ment that " the name of Vavasour never appears amongst the persecutors or the persecuted."
This is not accurate. Thomas Vavasour, M.D. of Venice, sometime pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, died in Hull Castle a prisoner for his religion, 2 May, 1585 ; ^nd his wife Dorothy died in the New Counter, York, a prisoner for the same cause, 26 Oct., 1587 (see ' The Catholic Encyclo- pedia,' vol. xv. p. 317, and, in addition to the authorities there cited, ' The Blockhouses of Kingston -upon-Hull,' by Joseph H. Hirst, published by A. Brown & Sons, London, and Hull, second edition, 1913, passim),
JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
JACOB AND ESATJ. In the Proceedings of the Grand Lodge cf South Australia, pub- lished in June last, is an account of the fund being raised to build a new Masonic Hall at Adelaide. The financial statement is given, and vouched for by W. F. Jacob, W. S. Esau, P.I.S.A., auditors.
ANDREW HOPE. lExeter.
HOHENZOLLERN = " HlGH TOLL." This is
the origin of the name which was told to me about thirty years ago, but I have never been able to verify it. On a " prominent isolated eminence " on the Swabian Alps, 2,743 feet above sea-level, there stood a castle, which was destroyed in 1423. Through the land belonging to this castle there was a roadway leading from Southern to Northern Germany. All people passing along this roadway were obliged to pay a toll to the occupier of the castle.
Was the roadway in modern times still -extant ? No reference is made to it in Baedeker's ' Southern Germany.'
Unsuccessful attempts have been made to link the Hohenzo Herns with various European families of antiquity and renown. The real
- rise of the family commenced, however, soon
after the succession of the English king Henry V. ; previously to that time they were Burggraves of Nuremberg. The Mark of Brandenburg was sold to Frederick of
Hohenzollern, Burggrave of Nuremberg, in
the year 1417 by the Emperor Sigismond,
who had previously given him permission
to enter the Mark, which had been pledged
to him (Hohenzollern) by the Margrave, who
had died without repaying the loan. In
other words Hohenzollern was a mortgagee
in possession who had been allowed to
purchase the equity of redemption, the
possession of the Mark carrying the title
with it. A. J. MONDAY.
" THE BLOODY SHIRT." This phrase, used by politicians to signify making capital out of our Civil War, appears to have been coined in France. Lewis Cass, in his ' France, its King, Court, and Govern- ment ' (New York, 1840, p. 49), tells us that Leon Foucher, when criticizing Guizot, observed :
" It is by spreading out the miseries of the work- men, the bloody shirt of some victim, the humiliation of all, that the people are excited to take arms." (Italics by Cass.)
The passage first appeared in The Demo- cratic Review for April, 1840, p. 370. The essay also contains amusing information about the serious way in which the French took the news of " the Buckshot War " at Harrisburgh in 1838.
ALBERT J. EDMUNDS.
Hist. Soc., Pa.
WE must request correspondents desiring in-
formation on family matters of only private interest
to affix their names and addresses to their queries,
in order that answers may be sent to them direct.
SIB HENRY KILLIGREW, KNIGHTED
15 MAY, 1625. Who was he ? In what
part of the Killigrew pedigree ought he to
be found ? Joseph Foster ('"Alumni Oxonien-
ses ') identifies him as Sir Henry Killigrew,
the Royalist M.P. for West Looe in the Long
Parliament, who died at St. Malo in 1646,
and thus son of Sir Henry Killigrew of
Lonaon, the well-known ambassador to
France, who died in 1603. But this certainly
is an error. The M.P. for West Looe was
returned to Parliament in November, 1640,
as " Henry Killigrew, esq." As " Mr. Henry
Killigrew'" he was in April, 1642, called to
the bar of the House and censured by the
Speaker for obnoxious expressions in debate
(Commons' Journals, and Verney, ' Notes of
Long Parliament,' p. 171). He sat in the
King's rival Parliament at Oxford, and was
disabled at Westminster in January, 1644,
