6
NOTES AND QUERIES. pi s. m. JAN. 7, ion.
' Moralists ' (' Characteristicks,' vol. ii.
Treatise V.) :
" I would have all these moralists, as they affect to call themselves, suffer by such libertine prin- ciples, as cannot be pursued, but in violation of the very first laws of morality."
Lovelace refers once to B. de Mandeville's
- The Fable of the Bees ; or, Private Vices,
Public Benefits ' :
" At worst, I am entirely within my worthy friend Mandeville's assertion, that private vices are public benefits." ' Clarissa,' vi. 3.
Berkeley's dialogue * Alciphron ; or, The Minute Philosopher,' is mentioned in * Sir 'Charles Grandison/ i. 281 :
" He is thought to be a modern wit, you must know : and to speak after an admirable writer, a minute philosopher."
Richardson's numerous references to Locke's
- Some Thoughts concerning Education '
in the sequel to ' Pamela ' do not belong here. He does not seem to have read Locke's ' Essay concerning Human Understanding,' as the word " idea," first made popular by Locke, does not occur in his novels. Richard- son, in opposition to Locke, considers that there are innate ideas :
" Principles that are in my mind ; that I found there ; implanted, no doubt, by the first gracious Planter." ' Clarissa,' iv. 165.
H. G. WARD.
Aachen.
BELLS AND BELL-FOUNDERS, c. 1560 : JOHN GRANGER. I have just found on the Common Plea Roll for Michaelmas term, 9-10 Eliz. (1567), the following notes on the above subject, which I think should find a place in * N. & Q.'
In the first entry Andrew Blease and John Kent, husbandmen, brought an action against John Granger of London, bell- founder (otherwise called John Graunger of Ightfelde, co. Salop, bell-founder), Humphrey Cole of Ightfelde, " yoman," and Henry Hewes of London (otherwise Henry Hewes of Assheparva, co. Salop, . " yoman "), to recover a debt of III. This is a mere entry of adjournment, and no particulars are given ; but the second entry relates to a cross suit in which John Kent of Olner, co. Chester, was summoned to answer the above John Granger or Graunger. It recites the following bond, dated 20 April, 1 Eliz. <1559) :
" The condition of this obligation is such that if the above-bounden Andrew Blese and John Kent or either of them, their executors, administrators, and assigns, or the executors, administrators, or assigns of either of them, wel .and truly content and pay or cause to be contented And paide the somme of fy ve poundes syx shillinges
,nd viijd of lawfull money of Englande unto the
ibove- named John Granger, his executors, administrators, or assignes, in maner and forme
lereafter following, That is to say at the castyng of such a bell as the foresaide Andrewe and John
Kent shall deliver unto the said John Granger 53s. 4d., and within one twelvemonth and one clay next after the castyng of the said bell other 53s. 4d., in full paiment of the foresaid some of 5 6.s. 8d. then this obligation to be void and of none effect ; and if default of payment be made of and in either of the foresaid payments at either of the dayes above limited, in part or in all, contrary to the true intent and meanyng hereof,
Then this obligation to stande in full strength and vertue."
I have looked up several authorities on
Dells and bell-founding, but not one of them mentions John Granger or Graunger as a
'ounder. It seems possible that the bell alluded to was cast for a church at Olner
in Cheshire, and that Andrew Blease and John Kent were churchwardens.
HENRY R. PLOMER. 8, The Broadway, Hammersmith, W.
LEGAL MACARONICS. This term was very happily applied at 7 S. i. 346 to that urious and composite jargon called law French ; ' and an instance from Dyer's Reports was given, in which a convicted ruffian " ject un brickbat a le Justice, que narrowly mist." The reporter is not dis- turbed by the occurrence of a word which he cannot translate. He simply puts it in bodily.
A few instances may be added from Sir John Davis' s Reports, temp. Jac. I., but printed 1674 the first Irish Reports ever published. In Le Case de Customes :
' Que est graund honte a nostre Nation, destre issint enamour ove les Mercery & Grocery wares imports per strangers, & d expender sur eux plus que le value de touts les Staple & reall commodities de nostre Pais : que serra en fine le ruine del Commonweal."
In Le Case de Tanistry :
" Chescun Custome ad un commencement, coment que le memorie del home ne extend a ceo ; come le River Nilus ad un fountaine, coment que les Geographers nepoent trover ceo."
In the same case, a certain ordinance " accord ove le Divine Ordinance en le case de Zelophehad, Num. Cap. 27."
In Le Case del Roy all Piscarie de la Banne :
" Auxy le Hoy auera les grands poissona del Mer,
Balenas & Sturgiones et le Koy auera wilde
Swans, come volatilia regalia."
The reports of " Gulielme Bendloes, Ser- jeant de la Ley," 1661, furnish some. macaronic writing also. In 19 Jac. I. an action was brought for the invasion of a
