512
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. ix. J E 27, i9u.
describe the arms as best I can. About
three-quarters of the lower part of the field,
chequy ; above this is what looks like a fesse
bretessed :
HEBE LYETH THE BODY OF
THAT TRVLY NOBLE, AND BELIGIOVS GENTLEMAN,
HOBACIO PALLAVTCINE ESQVIRE WHO DEPABTED
THIS LIFE ON THE SIXTH
DAYE OF MAY IN THE YE^BE OF OVB LOBD GOD 1648
FEING ov TPE AGE OF SIX AN THCRTY YEABES.
As to the version of the Jane Pallavicini inscription given in Thomas Wright's ' His- tory and Topography of the County of Essex,' T drew attention (ante, p. 435) to the error of " eques " for equitis. I now find that there are several other errors : " Finchingbroclii- ensis " for Finchenbrochiensis ; " Hunting- toniensis " for Huntingtonianis, &c.
It is interesting to note that whereas Wright turns equitis into eques, giving the nominative instead of the necessary genitive case, a former rector gives equirus, presum- ably a nominative, if a non-existent sub- stantive can have a case. See
" A Few Notes, * c., on the Town and Parish of Chipping Ongar by R. Ibbetson Porter, M.A., Rector. Essex : Printed by C. Slocomb, Ongar, 1877. Price One Shilling."
Both of these books give " xxin Martii " as the day of the death of Jane (Cromwell) Pallavicini, whereas the day on the tomb- stone is " xxini Martii."
In my copy of this epitaph I have sup- plied the missing letters from the copies of Wright and Porter, in which they are identi- cal, except that the former has " Crom- wellii " and the latter " Cromwelli." I found no trace of the optional " in " before " hoc pulvere " on the slab. The hyphens are mine.
There can be little doubt that the above Horacio Pallavicine was a son of Tobias and Jane Pallavicini. See 4 S. viii. 534, where is given an extract from the parish register of Babraham : " Horatio Palavicina [sic], son of Mr. Toby Palavicina and Mrs. Jane his wife, bap. Sept, 1, 1611." This date agrees exactly with the Ongar tombstone.
ROBERT PIERPOINT.
MISSIONARY SHIP DUFF (11 S. ix. 410,
457). H. H. will find a good deal of infor-
mation about the Duff's voyage and the
experiences of some of the missionaries in
' An Authentic Narrative of Four Years'
Residence at Tongataboo ' (by George Vason,
an apostate missionary of the Duff), pub-
lished in London, 1810, and a second edition,
1815 also in ' Life of the late George
Vason of Nottingham,' by the Rev. James
Orange (London, 1840).
A MS. journal or account of the Marquesas Islands and the residence there of Wm. Crook (another of the Duff's missionaries), who also lived for a time at Tahiti or Huahine, was on the market last year. I think Messrs. Maggs became its possessors.
The London Missionary Society, of 16, New Bridge Street, E.G., has stores of information about the Duff and her mission. B. GLANVILL CORNEY.
ICE: ITS USES (11 S. ix. 469). The people of ancient Rome often used ice, storing it in deep pits ; while, according to the Americana, as early as the six- teenth century the wealthy people of Western Europe cooled their drinks with ice, storing it in deep cellars. Ice was not used on a large scale in England, however, until about 1820, when Norway began to export large supplies to us.
ARCHIBALD SPARKE, F.R.S.L.
1687. " The Persians make great use of ice. . . . they make not their ice-houses as in France." A. Lovell, tr. Thevenot's ' Trav.,' ii. 90.
1716. " The company are entertained with ice in several forms, winter and summer." Lady M. W. Montagu, letter to Lady X , 1 Oct.
1722. " The Ladies were entertained
with all sorts of . . . .Chocolate, Ice-waters, &c." London Gazette, No. 6035/1.
A. R. BAYLEY.
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS : HIS NATION- ALITY AND RELIGION (11 S. ix. 448). I am not aware that there is any reason to doubt that Christopher Columbus was born at Genoa, where his monument looms large as one enters the city from the railway station, or that he held the Catholic Faith. There is evidence of his creed in the names he attached to the lands that he discovered. San Salvador was the first of them, and on it he erected a cross, and, kneeling down, thanked the Holy Saviour who had pre- served him and brought him there. As for the statement that Columbus was born at Pontevedra, it is hardly likely that Celso Garcia de la Riega had any good ground for making it, if make it he did. Miss Annette M. B. Meakin, who refers to his ' Nave Capi- taina de Colon ' (1897) in * Galicia, the Switzerland of Spain ' (p. 22), merely says :
" One of the ships with which Columbus set sail to discover America was called La Gallega. and a book has been written to prove that not only did
