12 s. vi. APRIL io. 1920.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
117
timpressum "), but from his account of
Friso's predecessors it is manifest that, when
the counts used seals at all, they used King
Philip's seal, of which Vredius quotes sundry
instances.
Sandford further says (ibid., p. 16) that Wm., Earl of Flanders, son of Robert of Normandy, is reported to have borne this gyronny coat ; but again there is no evidence, -and Sandford himself says further that, as a matter of tradition, this coat was abandoned by this William when, after slaying a Moslem king of Albania, he took his arms. Perhaps the fact that this Moslem bore the black lion rampant in a gold field is in need of some support. Finally Sandford gives a figure ('ibid., p. 519) of Queen Elizabeth's tomb aforesaid, where this gyronny coat is im- paled in the middle shield over the head of the queen's recumbent effigy.
There thus seems to be no reason whatever for dragging in Vredius : what basis there might be for the tale about William, Earl of Flanders, does not appear ; that the coat is in any sense genuine seems highly doubtful. I certainly should not have alluded to the <;oat at all if I had first looked up the reference to Vredius, although I knew the arms were on Queen Elizabeth's tomb.
H. I. HALL.
9 Neeld Parade, Wembley Hill.
" Les armes des anchiens contes de flandres fut gyronne d'or et d'asur, de dyx pieces, a 1'escu de gueulle parmy ...." From
- L'Anchienne Noblesse de la. . . .Contee de
flandres,' written about 1557 by Corneille Gailliard, King of Arms of the Emperor Charles V. Published in 1866 by Jean van Malderghem (Brussels, Vanderauwera), to- gether with, and under the title of, the same author's ' Blason des Armes.'
So far as I know, this is the first occurrence of this entirely imaginary coat o'f arms. "The lion of Flanders appears in 1170 on the seal of Philip, Count of Flanders, which was, indeed, for a long time considered the oldest seal showing an armorial shield.
D. L. GALBREATH. Baugy sur Clarena.
WALTER HAMILTON, F.R.G.S. (12 S.
v. 318). I do not know the particular titles
in the query, but in "Pro and Con. A
Journal for Literary Investigation. Edited
by Walter Hamilton, F.R.G.S.," of which
no. 4 (the only one I have) appeared Mar. 15,
1873, is chap. iii. of " An Introduction to the
History of our Poets Laureate. By the
Editor " ; and also an illustrated paper on
" George Cruikshank, his Life and Works,'
which, though unsigned, was afterwards so
incorporated in Hamilton's ' George Cruik-
shank, Artist and Humorist,' published in
pamphlet form in 1878, as to leave no doubt
as to the authorship of the earlier paper. On
Feb. 28, 1873. Hamilton had read a paper on
the ' Life, Works, and Genius of George
Cruikshank ' before the Society of Literary
Twaddlers, of which he was secretary, which
was probably that published a few days or
weeks after, under a slightly different name
(Pro and Con, passim). W. B. H.
MKTHOD OF REMEMBERING FIGURES (12 S. vi. 39). Stokes's mnemonical figure alpha- bet was very similar to others which had appeared at various times after Winckel- mann's in 1684. It was as follows : 1 was represented by t or d ; 2 by n ; 3 by in ; 4 by r ; 5 by I ; 6 by j ; sh or zh ; 7 by k, q or g (hard) ; 8 by f or v ; 9 by p or b ; 6 by *, z or c (soft).
I possess several of his privately issued lessons as well as several books published by him between 1866 and 1877. In a series of articles which I wrote for Pitman's Journal reference will be found in the issues of June 22, Aug. 3, 10, and 24, 1918, to various features of Stokes's system.
ARTHUR BOWES.
Newton-le-Willows, Lanes.
My father, T. H. Baker, who died in 1914 has often told me of his going to the London Polytechnic to hear Mr. Stokes's lecture, I think in 1873 ; anyway amongst his books I have a small handbook ' Stokes on Memory,' 4th edn., 1873 (published by Houlston & Sons, Paternoster Buildings) in which the whole system is explained at length. FRANCES E. BAKER.
91 Brown Street, Salisbury.
William Stokes wrote several small books on mnemonics. One ' Memory ' was pub- lished by Houlston & Wright, 65 Paternoster Row in 1866-67. 'The Pictorial Multi- plication Table ' is the work MAJOR PELHAM BURN has in his mind. THOS. WHITE.
Junior Reform Club, Liverpool.
No doubt the Mr. Stokes of MAJOR PELHAM BURN'S query, is the William Stokes who published a volume entitled ' Stokes on Memory,' my copy of which is the " Seventh edition, revised and enlarged, with engravings," dated on its title-page 1866. He issued also a series of separate little pamphlets (enclosed loose in a case giving the " leading dates," with " mne- monical key" to each), on 'Battles,' 'Roman History,' ' Grecian History,' ' Distances
